Blue Carbon Integrity in Indonesian Coastal Ecosystems: A Structured Evidence Synthesis of Mangroves and Seagrass Meadows
Kata Kunci:
blue carbon, mangroves, seagrass, Indonesia, coastal restoration, carbon monitoringAbstrak
This study examined the integrity of blue carbon functions in Indonesian coastal ecosystems by synthesizing peer-reviewed evidence on mangrove and seagrass carbon storage, land-use pressures, monitoring, and restoration. A structured evidence synthesis was conducted on 30 journal articles selected for direct relevance to blue carbon processes in tropical coastal systems and coded into six analytical themes. The synthesis showed that carbon integrity depended less on standing biomass alone than on the continuity of sedimentary carbon storage, hydrological conditions, habitat extent, and avoidance of conversion. Mangrove evidence was substantially richer than seagrass evidence, while regional studies repeatedly identified uneven spatial coverage and inconsistent measurement protocols. Restoration improved ecological and carbon functions when hydrology and site suitability were addressed before planting, but restoration did not substitute for protection of intact systems. The study concluded that Indonesian blue carbon policy would benefit from integrated mangrove–seagrass accounting, standardized field and remote-sensing protocols, and long-term monitoring that explicitly tracks permanence and disturbance risk.
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Hak Cipta (c) 2026 M. Ferdiyan, Edward Francis G. Gabor, Dilli Ram Rai (Author)
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