Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Iklim Organisasi, dan Kompetensi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan: Peran Mediasi Kepuasan Kerja dan Kelelahan Kerja di Bapenda Surabaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65310/rjpf3716Kata Kunci:
Transformational Leadership, Organizational Climate, Work Competence, Job Satisfaction, Burnout.Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengembangkan dan memvalidasi model mediasi ganda yang baru untuk menjelaskan bagaimana kepemimpinan transformasional, iklim organisasi, dan kompetensi kerja mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan di Badan Pendapatan Daerah (Bapenda) Surabaya. Menggunakan data dari 188 akaryawan yang dianalisis dengan PLS-SEM, model ini membedakan dua mekanisme psikologis: jalur motivasi (kepuasan kerja) dan jalur tekanan (kelelahan). Temuan menunjukkan pola yang berbeda dan secara teoritis bermakna. Kepemimpinan transformasional dan kompetensi kerja secara langsung meningkatkan kinerja karyawan, sedangkan iklim organisasi hanya meningkatkan kinerja secara tidak langsung melalui kepuasan kerja, menunjukkan mediasi penuh. Kepuasan kerja muncul sebagai mekanisme dominan, menunjukkan bahwa proses yang didorong oleh motivasi lebih menentukan dalam membentuk kinerja di birokrasi sektor publik. Meskipun kepemimpinan transformasional dan iklim organisasi secara signifikan mengurangi kelelahan, kelelahan itu sendiri tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang berarti terhadap kinerja hasil yang kontraintuitif namun secara teoritis relevan, yang menyarankan adanya efek ketahanan yang kuat di kalangan karyawan. Kontribusi teoretis utama studi ini terletak pada perbandingan dan validasi dua jalur mediasi ini, memberikan bukti bahwa mekanisme motivasi lebih dominan daripada mekanisme berbasis tekanan dalam menjelaskan kinerja karyawan. Secara praktis, temuan ini menekankan pentingnya memperkuat kepemimpinan transformasional, pengembangan kompetensi berkelanjutan, dan iklim organisasi yang mendukung untuk meningkatkan kinerja di lembaga pendapatan publik.
Unduhan
Referensi
Aboramadan, M., Albashiti, B., Alharazin, H., & Zaidoune, S. (2020). Organizational Culture, Innovation, And Performance: A Study From A Non-Western Context. Journal Of Management Development, 39(4), 437–451.
Https://Doi.Org/10.1108/Jmd-06-2019-0253
Baiquny, A. S., Ghea Rizky, A., Rasyid, I. A., & Simanjuntak, R. H. Efek Mediasi Dari Job Satisfaction Dan Organizational Commitment Pada Hubungan Transformational Leadership, Caring Climate Dan Work Performance.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The Job Demands–Resources Model: State Of The Art. Journal Of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309–328. Https://Doi.Org/10.1108/02683940710733115
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational Leadership (2nd Ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Bhaskara, J. A., Suranto, S., & Pribadi, U. (2024). Effect Of Work Environment, Work Discipline, Work Motivation, Workload, And Transformational Leadership On Performance Of Puskesmas Employees. Jppi (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 10(2), 88-99.
Colquitt, J. A., Lepine, J. A., & Wesson, M. J. (2021). Organizational Behavior: Improving Performance And Commitment In The Workplace (7th Ed.). Mcgraw-Hill Education.
Dessler, G. (2021). Human Resource Management (16th Ed.). Pearson Education.
Gunawan, E., Mujanah, S., & Fianto, A. Y. A. (2025). Redefining Employee Commitment: The Role Of Digital Work Flexibility And Work–Life Balance In Enhancing Public Service Efficiency. International Journal Of Economics, 4(1), 575–590. Https://Doi.Org/10.55299/Ijec.V4i1.1210
Gunawan, E., Mujanah, S., & Fianto, A. Y. A. (2025). Redefining Employee Commitment: The Role Of Digital Work Flexibility And Work-Life Balance In Enhancing Public Service Efficiency. International Journal Of Economics (Ijec), 4(1).
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2019). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (Pls-Sem). Sage.
Hanifeliza, R., & Putri, E. R. (2024). The Effect Of Organizational Climate And Self-Efficacy On Organizational Citizenship Behavior (Ocb) With Job Satisfaction As An Intervening Variable For Bappeda Employees In Payakumbuh City. Jurnal Manajemen Stratejik Dan Simulasi Bisnis, 5(1), 50-71. Https://Doi.Org/10.25077/Mssb.5.1.50-71.2024.
Iskamto, D. (2022). The Role Of Employee Competence In Improving Organizational Performance: Evidence From Public Sector Institutions. Journal Of Public Administration Studies, 5(3), 112–124. Https://Doi.Org/10.46799/Jpas.V5i3.421
Kloutsiniotis, P. V., Mihail, D. M., Mylonas, N., & Pateli, A. (2022). Transformational Leadership, Hrm Practices, And Burnout During The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Role Of Personal Stress, Anxiety, And Workplace Loneliness. International Journal Of Hospitality Management, 102, 103177. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ijhm.2022.103177
Le, N. T. K., Dung, H. T., & Van Ha, T. (2025). The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture And Employee's Job Performance: Mediating Role Of Organizational Culture-A Study At Commercial Banks In Vietnam. Calitatea, 26(209), 75-83.
Luqman, A., Farooq, M., & Shahzad, F. (2020). Employee Performance In Relation To Organizational Climate And Leadership: A Structural Model. Journal Of Workplace Behavior, 7(1), 15–32. Https://Doi.Org/10.1108/Jwb-06-2019-0034
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job Burnout. Annual Review Of Psychology, 52, 397–422. Https://Doi.Org/10.1146/Annurev.Psych.52.1.397
Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J. R., Gerhart, B., & Wright, P. M. (2022). Human Resource Management: Gaining A Competitive Advantage (12th Ed.). Mcgraw-Hill Education.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2022). Organizational Behavior (19th Ed.). Pearson Education.
Satriawan, H. (2022). Competence And Work Ability As Predictors Of Employee Performance. International Journal Of Economics, Business, And Management, 10(4), 55–67. Https://Doi.Org/10.1108/Ijebm-10-04-2022-101
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods For Business: A Skill-Building Approach (7th Ed.). Wiley.
Wulandari, R. A., Brahmasari, I. A., & Ratih, I. A. B. (2023). The Influences Of Job Design, Competence, And Rewards On Job Satisfaction And Employee Performance Of Pdam Delta Tirta Sidoarjo Regency. International Journal Of Economics, 3(1), 109–122. Https://Doi.Org/10.55299/Ijec.V3i1.577.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Edi Gunawan, I. A. Brahma Ratih, Ida Bagus Cempena (Author)
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
