The Legal Status of Copyright for Artificial Intelligence-Based Works (Case Studies: “Tung Tung Tung Sahur” by Noxa and “Garena Free Fire”)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65310/rt6yrh61Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Copyright, Human Creativity, Legal Protection, Ownership.Abstract
The emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has challenged the conventional concept of copyright authorship, particularly regarding the recognition of creators and ownership of AI-based works within the Indonesian legal system. This study aims to analyze the legal status of copyright ownership of AI-generated works based on Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright and examine the legal protection of the “Tung Tung Tung Sahur” case involving Noxa and Garena Free Fire. This research employs a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches through the analysis of primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that AI cannot be recognized as a copyright subject, while human contributions remain essential in determining copyright ownership. The study reveals regulatory gaps regarding AI-assisted works, authorship standards, and evidentiary mechanisms. Legal reform is required to establish adaptive copyright protection while maintaining human creativity as the foundation of intellectual property rights. This research contributes to the development of intellectual property law by providing a conceptual framework for regulating AI-assisted creations in the digital era.
Downloads
References
Anisa, A. (2025). Problems of Copyright Protection for Artificial Intelligence (AI) Works: A Study of Legal Voids in Viral Cases of Digital Creators. Journal Of Islamic And Law Studies, 9(3), 182-190. https://doi.org/10.18592/jils.v9i3.18074
Christi, G., & Cahyaningsih, D. (2024). Problematika Subjek Hukum Hak Cipta Terkait Status “Pencipta” Atas Hasil Artificial Intelligence. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 10(22), 561-577. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14569001
Direktorat Tata Kelola dan Kemitraan Komunikasi Publik. (2024). Pemanfaatan Kecerdasan Artifisial dalam Komunikasi Pemerintah. Kementerian Komunikasi dan Digital.
Gayatri, A. Z. C., Sari, N. K., & Halif, H. (2025). Kepastian Hukum Perlindungan Pemilik Hak Cipta Atas Penggunaan Karya Oleh Artificial Intelligence (AI). Al-Zayn : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum, 3(5), 7237–7250. https://doi.org/10.61104/alz.v3i5.2361
Kristanti, W. A., Sujatmiko, A., Setyawati, R., & Wicaksono, B. A. (2025). Legal Protection of Artificial Intelligence As A Copyrights. Eduvest-Journal of Universal Studies, 5(1), 381-399. https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v5i1.50375
Marsella, M., Wijaya, C. S., Wijaya, I., Shidqi, M. T., & Novita, D. (2023). Analisis Implementasi Artificial Intelligence untuk Bisnis: Systematic Literature Review. Device: Journal of Information System, Computer Science and Information Technology, 4(2), 133–145. https://doi.org/10.46576/device.v4i2.4037
Mukhasibi, M. A., & Widodo, S. (2025). Analisis Prinsip Ownership Hak Cipta Terhadap Karya Hasil Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam Perspektif Hukum Positif. Jurnal Penelitian Serambi Hukum, 18(02), 297-307. https://doi.org/10.59582/sh.v18i02.1337
Naufal, Y. (2025). Kekaburan Hukum Hak Cipta pada Fotografi Berbasis Artificial Intelligence dalam bingkai Radburch Formula. SANGAJI: Jurnal Pemikiran Syariah Dan Hukum, 9(2), 160–171. https://doi.org/10.52266/sangaji.v9i2.5328
Nurusyifa, D. (2023). Prinsip Deklaratif Dalam Regulasi Hak Cipta di Indonesia. UNES Law Review, 6(2), 6361-6367. https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1476
Nurphi, M., Nurheti, N., & Alvira, D. (2026). Juridical Issues of Copyright on Generative AI Artworks and the Redefinition of Legal Subjects. SocioSphere: Interdisciplinary Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2(1), 30-35. https://synergizejournal.org/index.php/Sociosphere/article/view/234
Pratama, G. A., Bagus, I., Yoga, A., Arthadana, M. G., & Ayu, I. G. (2025). Pengembangan Teknologi Artificial Intelligence (AI) dan Tantangan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual. (2025). Jurnal Hukum Sasana, 11(1), 35-44. https://doi.org/10.31599/sasana.v11i1.3972
Utami, N. P. G. S., Sutrisni, N. I., & Suharyanti, N. P. N. (2025). Pengaturan Hukum Tanggung Jawab Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence di Indonesia. Jumaha, 5(11), 315–325. https://doi.org/10.36733/jhm.v5i2
Raiwella, G. P., Paramyta, D. S., & Nasution, M. H. (2025). The Copyright Ownership Status of Visual Works Generated by Artificial Intelligence. Al-Qanun: Jurnal Kajian Sosial dan Hukum Islam, 6(1), 81-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.58836/al-qanun.v6i1.24326
Ravizki, E. N., & Yudhantaka, L. (2022). Artificial Intelligence Sebagai Subjek Hukum: Tinjauan Konseptual dan Tantangan Pengaturan di Indonesia. Notaire, 5(3), 351–376. https://doi.org/10.20473/ntr.v5i3.39063
Rizkia, N., & Fardiansyah, H. (2022). Hak Kekayaan Intelektual Suatu Pengantar (E. Damayanti, ed.). Bandung: Widina Bhakti Persada Bandung.
Sari, P. E. (2021). Kebutuhan Perluasan Doktrin Orisinalitas dan Fiksasi Dalam Undang-Undang Hak Cipta Sebagai Perlindungan Kreativitas Anak Bangsa. " Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI, 1(1), 10. https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/dharmasisya/vol1/iss1/10
Sarwono, A. E., & Hidayatullah, B. Y. (2026). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Karya Cipta Digital Yang Dibuat Dengan Artificial Intelligence: Studi Kasus Karya Tung Tung Tung Sahur Noxxa V Garena. Iuris Studia: Jurnal Kajian Hukum, 7(1), 191-199. https://doi.org/10.55357/is.v7i1.1176
Sukmaningsih, N. K. I. A. (2024). Urgensi Pengaturan Hak Cipta di Era Kecerdasan Buatan : Tantangan dan Solusi Hukum di Indonesia. Seminar Nasional & Call for Paper Hubisintek 2024, 16–22. https://ojs.udb.ac.id/HUBISINTEK/article/view/4281
Suryahartati, D., & Herlina, N. (2022). Hukum Kekayaan Intelektual (Windarto, ed.). Jambi: UNJA Publisher.
Susilo, J., & Mubarrak, M. Z. (2024). Hak Kekayaan Intelektual Atas Terciptanya Karya Hasil Artificial Intelligence (AI) di Tinjau Dari Segi Sejarah dan Implikasi Terhadap Hukum. Esensi Hukum, 6(1), 31-42. https://doi.org/10.35586/esensihukum.v6i1.355
Thalib, A., & Muchlisin. (2018). Hak Kekayaan Intelektual Indonesia (O. Octiviena, ed.). Depok: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Utami, N. P. G. S., Sutrisni, N. K., & Suharyanti, N. P. N. (2025). Pengaturan Hukum Tanggung Jawab Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Mahasiswa, 5(02), 315-325. https://e-journal.unmas.ac.id/index.php/jhm/article/view/12974



















