Literature Review on the Role of Biodiversity in Maintaining Natural Ecosystem Balance in Indonesia
Keywords:
Biodiversity, Ecosystem Resilience, Environmental Governance, Socioecological Sustainability, Conservation Policy.Abstract
This study critically examines the role of biodiversity in maintaining natural ecosystem balance in Indonesia through a structured literature review approach integrating ecological, socio cultural, and governance perspectives. The study employed a non empirical qualitative design based on the systematic analysis of peer reviewed journal articles, scientific reports, and internationally indexed publications published between 2015 and 2025. The findings indicate that biodiversity performs a strategic ecological function by sustaining ecosystem resilience, environmental productivity, and adaptive stability across forest, coastal, and marine environments. The review further reveals that biodiversity conservation in Indonesia is deeply influenced by socio cultural governance systems, indigenous ecological knowledge, environmental ethics, and community participation mechanisms that strengthen conservation legitimacy and ecological continuity. Institutional fragmentation, policy inconsistency, and weak cross sectoral coordination remain major challenges limiting the effectiveness of biodiversity governance. The analysis also identifies that adaptive governance, environmental innovation technology, conservation economy frameworks, and integrated sustainability policies represent important strategic directions for future biodiversity management. The study contributes theoretically by developing an integrative socioecological framework connecting biodiversity, environmental governance, and long term ecosystem sustainability within the Indonesian context.
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