Correlation between Social Interaction and Independence in Activities of Daily Living with Depression Levels in Elderly People in Social Welfare Institutions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65310/ynw3xq13Keywords:
Social Interaction, Independence, Activity of Daily Living, Depression, Elderly.Abstract
Entering the elderly phase involves various biological, psychological, and social declines. Physical limitations in daily activities and reduced social interactions often trigger mental health issues, particularly depression. This study aims to analyze the relationship between social interaction and independence in Activity of Daily Living (ADL) with the level of depression among the elderly living in social care homes. This quantitative research utilized a cross-sectional study design. The population consisted of elderly residents at the social care home. A sample of 135 respondents was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection instruments included a social interaction questionnaire, the Barthel Index to measure ADL independence, and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) to assess depression levels. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank correlation test. Results the majority of respondents maintained good social interaction (63.0%) and a high level of independence (85.2%). Most of the elderly did not experience depression (66.7%). Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between social interaction and depression (p = 0.000, r = -0.315), showing a positive correlation where poorer social interaction relates to higher depression scores. Furthermore, a significant relationship was found between ADL independence and depression (p = 0.002, r = -0.267), indicating a negative correlation where higher independence is associated with lower levels of depression. Active social interaction and maintained physical independence contribute significantly to reducing the risk of depression among the elderly in social service environments. It is recommended that social care homes increase group activities and physical rehabilitation programs to sustain the mental well-being of the elderly.
Downloads
References
Akbar, F., Darmiati, Arfan, F., & Putri, A. A. Z. (2021). Pelatihan dan pendampingan kader posyandu lansia di Kecamatan Wonomulyo. Jurnal Abdidas, 2(2), 392–397. https://doi.org/10.31004/abdidas.v2i2.282.
Chapman, H., Bethell, J., Dewan, N., Liougas, M. P., Livingston, G., McGilton, K. S., & Sommerlad, A. (2024). Social connection in long-term care homes: a qualitative study of barriers and facilitators. BMC Geriatrics, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-05454-8.
Fahreza, I., & Thamrin, H. (2023). Bentuk interaksi sosial antar sesama lansia, pengasuh dan pendamping di panti lansia di Binjai. SOSMANIORA: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 2(3), 338–346. https://doi.org/10.55123/sosmaniora.v2i3.2455.
Li, X., Ge, T., Dong, Q., & Jiang, Q. (2023). Social participation, psychological resilience and depression among widowed older adults in China. BMC Geriatrics, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-04168-7.
Manafe, L. A., & Berhimpon, I. (2022). Hubungan tingkat depresi lansia dengan interaksi sosial lansia di bpslut senja cerah manado. Jurnal Ilmiah Hospitality, 11(1), 749-758. https://doi.org/10.47492/jih.v11i1.1979.
Mulyaningsih, M., & Arum, R. T. S. (2017). Tingkat Depresi Mempengaruhi Kemandirian Activity Daily Living (ADL) Lansia. Gaster, 15(2), 121-131. https://doi.org/10.30787/gaster.v15i2.198.
Nasresabetghadam, S., Jahanshahi, M., Fotokian, Z., Nasiri, M., & Hajiahmadi, M. (2021). The effects of orem’s self-care theory on self-care behaviors among older women with hypertension: A randomized controlled trial. Nursing and Midwifery Studies, 10(2), 99–106. https://doi.org/10.4103/nms.nms_9_20.
Nauli, F. A., Yuliatri, E., & Savita, R. (2014). Hubungan tingkat depresi dengan tingkat kemandirian dalam aktifitas sehari-hari pada lansia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tembilahan Hulu. Soedirman Journal of Nursing, 9(2), 86-93. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jks.2014.9.2.576.
Nuryati, T. (2024). Gambaran status depresi dan kesehatan mental pada lansia. Jurnal Cakrawala Ilmiah, 3(5), 1627-1636. https://doi.org/10.53625/jcijurnalcakrawalailmiah.v3i5.
Oh, E., Moon, S. H., & Hong, G. R. S. (2024). Longitudinal trends and predictors of limitations in activities of daily living in community-dwelling older adults: evidence from the KLoSA study. Frontiers in Public Health, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1485732.
Ong, C. H., Pham, B. L., Levasseur, M., Tan, G. R., & Seah, B. (2024). Sex and gender differences in social participation among community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review. In Frontiers in Public Health (Vol. 12). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1335692.
Puspitasari, A., & Maria, L. (2020). Hubungan Interaksi Sosial dengan Tingkat Depresi pada Lansia di Panti Werdha Pangesti Lawang. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Rustida, 7(2), 142-148. https://doi.org/10.55500/jikr.v7i2.110.
Rajj, A. B., Aspihan, M., & Lutfha, I. (2025). Hubungan Tingkat Kemandirian Melakukan Activity of Daily Living (ADL) dengan Kualitas Hidup Lansia di Rumah Pelayanan Sosial Semarang. Journal of Medical Practice and Research, 1(2), 70-79. https://doi.org/10.65310/18gbyn76.
Saputra, A. U., Fauziah, N. A., & Saputra, J. E. (2024). Effectiveness of Cognitive Function and Activity of Daily Living (ADL) on Elderly Independence. Lentera Perawat, 5(2), 282-288. https://doi.org/10.52235/lp.v5i2.347.
Sari, L. A. (2021). Interaksi sosial pada lansia yang tinggal bersama keluarga. Jurnal ilmiah ners indonesia, 2(2), 80-88. https://doi.org/10.22437/jini.v2i2.15575.
Septianawati, P., Mustikawati, I. F., Kusuma, I. R., & Maulana, A. Muh. (2022). Karakteristik lansia dan kejadian depresi di panti pelayanan sosial lanjut usia (PPSLU) Sodagaran Banyumas. Muhammadiyah Journal of Geriatric, 3(2), 36. https://doi.org/10.24853/mujg.3.2.36-45.
Surya, A. Y., Febryanto, D., & Pambudi, H. A. (2024). Hubungan social support dengan tingkat depresi pada lansia. Jurnal Kesehatan Primer, 9(156), 156–163. https://doi.org/10.31965/jkp.
Tobing, D. L. (2022). Analisis Asuhan Keperawatan Dengan Intervensi Inovasi Terapi Reminiscence Pada Lansia Depresi. Jurnal Keperawatan Widya Gantari Indonesia, 6(2), 168-172. https://doi.org/10.52020/jkwgi.v6i2.4199.
Widagdo, M., Widyaningsih, B. D., & Layuklinggi, S. (2023). Predictors of depression among the elderly persons with disabilities in Indonesia. Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 30(3), 188–196. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm.
Xing, Y., Zhang, L., Zhang, Y., & He, R. (2023). Relationship between social interaction and health of the floating elderly population in China: an analysis based on interaction type, mode and frequency. BMC Geriatrics, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-04386-z.
Zulkifli, Y. S., Tahriani, R., Jibriel, D., & Swara, Y. P. W. (2025). Tinjauan Pustaka: Depresi Pada Lansia. Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah Indonesia (Indonesian Health Scientific Journal), 10(2). https://doi.org/10.51933/health.v10i2.2244.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Mutia Shofa, Iskim Luthfa, Moch. Aspihan (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.










