Membangun Identitas Nasional Rusia di Ruang Digital: Analisis Diskursus Narasi Budaya pada Platform Media Negara
Kata Kunci:
Identitas Rusia, Media digital, Kekuatan lunak, Ingatan Politik, Analisis wacanaAbstrak
Studi ini menganalisis bagaimana media digital yang dikendalikan negara Rusia membangun identitas nasional melalui strategi diskursif yang saling terkait di ruang digital. Dengan menggunakan Analisis Diskursus Kritis dan pendekatan multimodal, penelitian ini menganalisis konten dari RT, TASS, dan RIA Novosti periode 2022–2024, dengan fokus pada narasi budaya yang tertanam dalam artikel berita, fitur, dan multimedia. Temuan menunjukkan tiga kerangka naratif dominan: (1) kontinuitas historis dan peradaban, terutama mobilisasi kenangan Perang Patriotik Besar dan warisan Soviet untuk melegitimasi kebijakan saat ini; (2) kerangka ancaman eksternal, menggambarkan Barat sebagai kekuatan lawan untuk memperkuat solidaritas kelompok dalam; dan (3) diplomasi budaya, memproyeksikan Rusia sebagai peradaban yang tangguh dan berdaulat melalui pelestarian warisan, festival internasional, dan kemitraan non-Barat. Strategi-strategi ini beroperasi secara konsisten di seluruh platform, menunjukkan koordinasi terpusat dalam menyelaraskan tujuan identitas negara dengan persepsi publik yang dimediasi. Studi ini berkontribusi pada debat teoretis tentang otoritarianisme digital, politik memori, dan soft power dengan menunjukkan bagaimana diskursus multimodal mengintegrasikan sejarah, keamanan, dan budaya ke dalam narasi nasional yang kohesif. Meskipun terbatas pada tiga platform utama, kerangka metodologis ini menawarkan keterapan untuk studi perbandingan dalam konteks nasional lainnya. Temuan-temuan ini menyoroti peran media digital sebagai situs strategis dalam rekayasa identitas dalam praktik negara modern.
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Referensi
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Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Yusril Ihza Mahendra, Julian Azhar, Joseph Anthony Okemba (Penulis)
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