Analisis Stres Pengasuhan pada Kelompok Penyandang Masalah Kesejahteraan Sosial: Studi Kasus Kelompok Pemulung di Taman Baca Amalia, Kota Tangerang Selatan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65310/hagxaa46Kata Kunci:
family social functioning, parenting stress, scavenger families, social support, social vulnerability.Abstrak
This study analyzes parenting stress among scavenger families classified as a socially vulnerable group at Taman Baca Amalia, South Tangerang City. A qualitative case study approach was employed involving 11 informants consisting of six scavenger parents, four children, and one manager of Taman Baca Amalia selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through structured interviews and unstructured observation and analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that parenting stress appears in three forms: Parent Distress, Parent–Child Dysfunctional Interaction, and Difficult Child, with Parent Distress as the dominant form. The main triggers include economic pressure, physical fatigue, unstable income, limited parenting time, family conflict, inadequate housing conditions, and limited social support. Parenting stress most strongly affects affective and economic family functions by reducing patience, communication quality, and emotional closeness while increasing pressure to meet daily needs. Nevertheless, families maintain biological, educational, protective, religious, and socialization functions through emotional regulation, parenting adjustments, time management, and available community support. The findings emphasize integrated social welfare interventions for vulnerable families and strengthen family resilience through sustainable community-based parenting support.
Unduhan
Referensi
Aktu, Y. (2024). The role of parenting stress on parenting self-efficacy and parental burnout among Turkish parents: A moderated mediation model. BMC Psychology, 12, 475. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01980-7
Baxter, K. A., Nambiar, S., So, T. H. J., Gallegos, D., & Byrne, R. (2022). Parental feeding practices in families experiencing food insecurity: A scoping review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9), 5604. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095604
Beasley, L. O., Jespersen, J. E., Morris, A. S., Farra, A., & Hays-Grudo, J. (2022). Parenting challenges and opportunities among families living in poverty. Social Sciences, 11(3), 119. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11030119
Blanco Castro, V. D. C., Cova Solar, F., & Campillo Toledano, C. (2023). Estrés parental y pobreza multidimensional en madres y padres chilenos. Alternativas. Cuadernos de Trabajo Social, 30(2), 359–380. https://doi.org/10.14198/ALTERN.23216
Chen Wang, Y., & McLeroy, A. M. (2023). Poverty, parenting stress, and adolescent mental health: The protective role of school connectedness reexamined. Children and Youth Services Review, 153, 107127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107127
Coba-Rodriguez, S., & Lleras, C. L. (2022). Nonstandard work and preschool child development in single mother families: Exploring the role of maternal depression and parenting stress. Marriage & Family Review, 58(8), 726–747. https://doi.org/10.1080/01494929.2022.2042883
Cook, M. L., Yan, J., & Butler, K. (2024). Maternal parenting stress and child externalizing behaviors: Low-income as a context. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 93, 101673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2024.101673
Elansary, M., Brochier, A., Urbina-Johanson, S., Wexler, M. G., Messmer, E., Pierce, L. J., & McCoy, D. C. (2024). A qualitative study of maternal perceptions of stress and parenting during early childhood. Academic Pediatrics, 24(7), 1068–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2024.01.017
Fang, Y., Luo, J., Boele, M., Windhorst, D., van Grieken, A., & Raat, H. (2024). Parent, child, and situational factors associated with parenting stress: A systematic review. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 33(6), 1687–1705. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-022-02027-1
González, L. M., Lammert, A., Phelan, S., & Ventura, A. K. (2022). Associations between parenting stress, parent feeding practices, and perceptions of child eating behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Appetite, 177, 106148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2022.106148
Hardy, F., Tovar, A., Elenio, E. G., Melo Herrera, Y., Perry, M., Bauer, K. W., & Vadiveloo, M. K. (2025). Food parenting stress among caregivers receiving government food assistance: A study from the United States. Preventive Medicine Reports, 57, 103189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103189
Ho, L. L. K., Li, W. H. C., Cheung, A. T., Luo, Y., Xia, W., & Chung, J. O. K. (2022). Impact of poverty on parent-child relationships, parental stress, and parenting practices. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 849408. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.849408
Ho, LLK, Li, WHC, Cheung, AT, Luo, Y., Xia, W., & Chung, JOK (2022). Dampak kemiskinan terhadap hubungan orang tua-anak, stres orang tua, dan praktik pengasuhan. Frontiers in Public Health , 10 , 849408.
Jiang, Q., Wang, D., Yang, Z., & Choi, J.-K. (2023). Bidirectional relationships between parenting stress and child behavior problems in multi-stressed, single-mother families: A cross-lagged panel model. Family Process, 62(2), 671–686. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12796
Jufri, Y. (2024). Pengasuhan Anak Pada Komunitas Pemulungdi Kampung Sumur Binaan Yayasan Swara Peduli Indonesia. 3(2), 23–36.
Junita, A., & Ruja, N. I. (2024). Strategi Bertahan Hidup Keluarga Pemulung di Wilayah Muharto DAS Brantas Kedungkandang Kota Malang. 5(1), 2774–2776.
Lestari, S. (2016). Psikologi keluarga: Penanaman nilai dan penanganan konflik dalam keluarga. Prenada Media Group.
Li, M., & Chzhen, Y. (2024). Parental investment or parenting stress? Examining the links between poverty and child development in Ireland. European Societies, 26(4), 911–951. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2023.2275592
Liu, Q., Merrin, G. J., Vasilenko, S. A., & Razza, R. A. (2024). Continuity and change in early material hardship domains on the development of children’s behavioral self-regulation in middle childhood. Children and Youth Services Review, 167, 107995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.107995
Liu, Q., Zhang, Y., & Razza, R. A. (2024). Preschoolers’ attentional and behavioral regulation: Differential pathways through poverty and parenting. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 33, 3384–3401. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02917-9
Liu, S., Zalewski, M., Lengua, L., Gunnar, M. R., Giuliani, N., & Fisher, P. A. (2022). Material hardship level and unpredictability in relation to U.S. households’ family interactions and emotional well-being: Insights from the COVID-19 pandemic. Social Science & Medicine, 307, 115173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115173
Marçal, K. (2022). Housing insecurity and adverse parenting of adolescents: The roles of maternal stress and depression. Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 13(2), 199–217. https://doi.org/10.1086/712954
Martin, M. I., Mauer-Vakil, D., Borkhoff, C. M., Parkin, P. C., & Bayoumi, I. (2024). Connecting families: A qualitative study examining the experiences of parenting young children under financial strain in Ontario, Canada. BMC Public Health, 24, 913. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18463-4
Mersky, J. P., Janczewski, C. E., Plummer Lee, C., & Yasin, T. (2022). Impact of home visiting programs on parenting stress in low-income women: Findings from a community-based trial at an urban health department. Children and Youth Services Review, 142, 106638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2022.106638
Negi, S., & Sattler, K. M. P. (2025). Family stress model and social support among low-income families. Development and Psychopathology, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579425000173
Nwobodo, R. E. E. (2022). Poverty and the challenges of parenting: Issues and prospects. Nnadiebube Journal of Philosophy, 2(1), 65–80.
Okelo, K., Murray, A. L., King, J., Kitsao-Wekulo, P., Onyango, S., Nampijja, M., & Auyeung, B. (2024). Parental stress and child stimulation practices: Examining associations with child developmental outcomes over time in Kenya and Zambia. BMC Psychology, 12, 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01533-y
Park, Y. R. (2023). A resilience process model of parenting in the context of poverty. Human Development, 67(4), 211–224. https://doi.org/10.1159/000531634
Reesor-Oyer, L., Marshall, A. N., & Hernandez, D. C. (2023). Examination of co-parenting support and parenting stress as mediators of the food insecurity-maternal depression/anxiety relationship. Journal of Affective Disorders, 341, 96–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.094
Roskam, I., Vancorenland, S., Avalosse, H., & Mikolajczak, M. (2022). The missing link between poverty and child maltreatment: Parental burnout. Child Abuse & Neglect, 134, 105908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105908
Scrimin, S., Mastromatteo, L. Y., Hovnanyan, A., Zagni, B., Rubaltelli, E., & Pozzoli, T. (2022). Effects of socioeconomic status, parental stress, and family support on children’s physical and emotional health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 31(8), 2215–2228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02339-5
Song, S. M., Park, B., Lee, W. K., Park, N. S., & Kim, M. N. (2022). Examining the relationship between social support, parenting stress, and depression in South Korean single mothers. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 31(5), 1232–1245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-021-02084-1
Supsiolani, Ekomila, S., Saputra, H., Agusti, I. S., Amal, B. K., & Ampera, D. (2022). Potret Perjuangan Keluarga Pemulung Memenuhi Kesejahteraan Anak. Stiletto Book.
Syamsyuddin. (2018). Cahaya Hidup Pengasuhan Keluarga (Fungsionalisme Struktural Dan Interaksionisme Simbolik )Team WADE Publish (Ed.)). WADE Group.
Ward, K. P., & Lee, S. J. (2022). Associations of food insecurity and material social support with parent and child mental health during COVID-19. Children and Youth Services Review, 140, 106562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2022.106562
Wu, Q., Radey, M., McWey, L., & Flores Millender, E. (2025). Within-family processes among safety nets, maternal parenting stress, and child behavioral problems among low-income families: The importance of race and ethnicity. Family Process, 64(1), e13056. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.13056
Zhang, Y., Liu, Q., & Razza, R. A. (2024). Implications of early attentional and behavioral regulation for adolescent flourishing: Variations in pathways across family income status. Children and Youth Services Review, 160, 107553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.107553
Zhao, J., Hu, H., Zhao, S., Li, W., & Lipowska, M. (2023). Parental burnout of parents of primary school students: An analysis from the perspective of job demands-resources. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1171489. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1171489
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Athaya Nursabrina, Ati Kusmawati (Author)
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
