The Effect of Nanosilica Composition on the Mechanical Properties of Microorganism-Based Hybrid Asphalt
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65310/d4fyrk95Keywords:
Nanosilica, Asphalt Hybrid, Escherichia Coli, Marshall Stability, Mechanical Performance.Abstract
The decline in pavement performance due to increasing traffic loads necessitates the development of advanced materials beyond conventional asphalt mixtures. This study investigates the effect of nanosilica composition on the mechanical performance of hybrid Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC) modified with Escherichia coli as a biomineralization agent. The mixture was prepared using a fixed asphalt content of 6% and nanosilica variations of 0%, 3%, 5%, and 9% by asphalt weight, combined with bacterial concentration of 10³ cells/mL. Marshall testing was conducted in accordance with Bina Marga 2018 Revision 2 specifications. The results indicate that nanosilica addition leads to a gradual decrease in density from 2.472 to 2.453 g/cm³, while significantly increasing stability from 1,094 kg to 1,560 kg. Flow values ranged between 3.90 and 4.20 mm, with higher compositions exceeding specification limits. The 5% nanosilica composition demonstrated the most balanced performance across all parameters. The synergistic interaction between nanosilica and bacterial activity enhances interparticle bonding, offering a promising approach for developing durable and sustainable asphalt materials.
Downloads
References
Babagoli, R., Ameli, A., Salari, S., Hosseinian, S. M., & Ebrahimi Moghaddam, A. (2023). Investigation of the effect of combined nanosilica and iranian natural binder on the rheological behavior of mastics and performance of asphalt mixtures. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 35(4), 04023041. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0004695
DeJong, J. (2022). Bacterial role in material strengthening and biomineralization. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 106(5), 1801–1815. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-022-11789-4
Feng, S., Jiang, Y., Lyu, J., Xiao, H., Zhang, Q., Song, R., ... & Ren, Z. (2024). Effect of nanosilica and fiber on mechanical properties and microstructure of recycled coarse aggregates road concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 428, 136404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.136404
Garcia, M. (2024). Effects of micro- and nanosilica on mechanical properties of mortars. Materials, 17(6), 2150–2165. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17062150
Ghaffari, A., & Sarkar, A. (2025). High-Temperature Performance of Asphalt Binder and Nano Silica-Aerogel Composite. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 37(12), 04025472. https://doi.org/10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-19551
Jahromi, M. N., Sarkar, A., Mansourian, A., & Zaghi, A. E. (2025). Mechanical performance of hot-mix asphalt modified with porous nanosilica aerogels. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 37(1), 04024436. https://doi.org/10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-18625
Kumar, R., & Singh, P. (2023). Modification effects of nanosilica on asphalt binders: A review. Nanotechnology Reviews, 12(1), 455–470. https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2023-0021
Liu, F., Hu, Z., Wang, B., Zhang, C., Huang, L., Wang, H., ... & Lu, F. (2025). Molecular dynamics and experimental investigation on the mechanism and properties of nano-silica/graphene composite-modified asphalt. Construction and Building Materials, 493, 143309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143309
Lubis, N. A., & Putri, M. D. (2024). Teknologi Nano Dari Bahan Alam Sebagai Prospek Penerapan Konstruksi Berkelanjutan. International Journal of Science, Technology and Applications, 2(2), 102-119. https://doi.org/10.70115/ijsta.v2i2.232
Mousavi Rad, S., Kamboozia, N., Ameri, M., & Mirabdolazimi, S. M. (2023). Feasibility of concurrent improvement of pollutants-absorption ability from surface runoff and mechanical performance of asphalt mixtures by using photocatalytic nanomodified porous asphalt. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 35(8), 04023248. https://doi.org/10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-14543
Muthaher, A. M. M., Suwarto, F., & Putri, D. M. (2025). Mechanistic-Empirical Prediction of Rutting and Fatigue Cracking Life for Porous Asphalt Modified with Nano-Silica (Nano-SiO2). In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 674, p. 06003). EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202567406003
Park, J. (2022). Nano-silica reinforced asphalt mixtures: Performance evaluation. Construction and Building Materials, 345, Article 128321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.128321
Perdana, M. G., & Mudiyono, R. (2025). Penggunaan Nanosilika Pada Campuran Aspal Berpori Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Campuran. MoDuluS Media Komunikasi Dunia Ilmu Sipil, 7(1), 98-109. https://doi.org/10.32585/modulus.v7i1.6307
Perdana, M. G., Pratikso, P., & Mudiyono, R. (2024). Nanomaterial Sebagai Bahan Tambah Yang Inovatif Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Campuran Aspal Berpori. Proceeding: Islamic University of Kalimantan. https://dx.doi.org/10.31602/piuk.v0i0.17721
Pote, L. L., Nadut, A., & Latumakulita, G. (2024). Pengaruh Pelarut terhadap Struktur Nanopartikel Silika dari Limbah Batu Akik. Jurnal Sains dan Edukasi Sains, 7(2), 118-127. https://doi.org/10.24246/juses.v7i2p118-127
Ramadan, I. M., & Ali, A. A. (2025). Exploring the Impact of Nanotechnology on Enhancing Asphalt Mix Properties: A Comprehensive Review. Journal of Al-Azhar University Engineering Sector. https://doi.org/10.21608/auej.2025.337297.1738
Rasheda, S. B., Debnath, B., & Sarkar, D. (2022). Application of nano-silica in rubber modified asphalt mix made with marginal aggregates. Materials Today: Proceedings, 65, 669-675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.03.261
Rasheed, S. S., Joni, H. H., & Al-Rubaee, R. H. (2022). Using nano silica to enhance the performance of recycled asphalt mixtures. Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 10(4), 32-39. https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v10.i4.679
Sabry, M. M., G Morsi, A., & Samir Eisa, M. (2025). Effect of Fibers and Nanomaterials individually or in combination on the enhancement of asphalt mixes’ performance: A review. Benha Journal of Applied Sciences, 10(7), 117-133. https://doi.org/10.21608/bjas.2025.371876.1658
Swandari, T., Laksana, L. P., & Faizah, K. (2026). Nanosilika Sekam Padi Memodifikasi Anatomi Akar dan Meningkatkan Panjang Akar Planlet Anggrek Dendrobium sp. In Vitro. AGROSCRIPT: Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences, 8(1), 40-55. https://doi.org/10.36423/agroscript.v8i1.2615
Swilam, E., Saad, M. A., M Morsi, A., & Eisa, M. S. (2024). Evaluation the performance of Rigid Pavement Modified with admixture of Nano Silica and Glass Fiber: A review. Benha Journal of Applied Sciences, 9(5), 113-126. https://doi.org/10.21608/bjas.2024.280651.1403
Taheri, E., Shafabakhsh, G., & Sadeghnejad, M. (2026). Comprehensive Assessment of Nano-Silica Modified Asphalt Mixtures: Influence of RAP Content, Aging, and Performance Characteristics. Journal of Rehabilitation in Civil Engineering, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.22075/jrce.2025.36705.2259
Tuson, H. (2021). Mechanical properties of Escherichia coli cell structure. Biophysical Journal, 120(3), 567–576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2020.11.2275
Umami, A., & Wiharyanti, R. (2025). Efektivitas PGPR dan Nanosilika terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai Varietas Anjasmoro di Tanah Regosol. Jurnal Agro Wiralodra, 8(2), 57-66. https://doi.org/10.31943/agrowiralodra.v8i2.149
Xie, L., Sun, X., Yu, Z., Lian, H., He, H., Wang, L., ... & Xu, X. (2024). Effects of nano-silica on fracture properties and mechanism analysis of basalt fiber reinforced concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 439, 137375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.137375
Zhang, W., & Li, C. (2024). Nano-enhanced concrete: Impact of nano-silica on strength and durability. Journal of Materials Science, 59(3), 1123–1135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44290-024-00120-9
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamad Khalid Khadafi, Ratnawulan Ratnawulan, Riri Jonuarti, Syafri Syafri (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
