Journal of Engineering and Applied Technology
Scripta Technica: Journal of Engineering and Applied Technology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that focuses on the dissemination of high-quality research in the fields of engineering and applied technology. It serves as an open platform for researchers, engineers, practitioners, and academics to publish innovative studies, technical developments, and theoretical contributions that address real-world engineering problems and technological advancement.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Deep Soil Mixing Method in Improving the Stability of Soft Soil in Highway Construction
The construction of toll roads on soft soil frequently encounters geotechnical problems in the form of excessive ground settlement and low embankment stability, which may lead to structural failure if appropriate ground improvement measures are not implemented. Deep Soil Mixing (DSM) is a ground improvement technique in which in-situ soil is mixed with a binding agent to increase shear strength and reduce soil compressibility. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the DSM method in improving the stability of soft soil for toll road construction and to evaluate the influence of variations in column spacing and depth on soil deformation and safety factors. The study was conducted as a case study of the Probolinggo–Banyuwangi Toll Road Development Project, Package 2, at STA 16+550–STA 16+600, using analytical approaches and numerical modeling based on the finite element method with PLAXIS 2D software. Analyses were performed for conditions without ground improvement and with DSM improvement using two configurations, namely a column spacing of 1.5 m with a depth of 8 m and a column spacing of 1 m with a depth of 6 m. The results indicate that the application of the DSM method significantly increases the safety factor and reduces soft soil deformation, with a closer column spacing configuration demonstrating more optimal performance in enhancing embankment stability.
Soft Soil, Deep Soil Mixing, Soil Stability, Deformation, Toll Road.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ababiel Ashabussidiq, Jerrico Naufal Hibban, Rifqi Brilyant Arief , Rinda Karlinasari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Paving Blocks with the Addition of Plastic and Crumb Rubber
Paving blocks are construction materials made from a mixture of cement, sand, aggregate, and water. Typically, paving blocks are molded in square or rectangular shapes and are used as surface coverings for roads, sidewalks, parking lots, and other public areas. One of the reasons why paving blocks are popular is because of their load-bearing ability, durability, and aesthetic appearance. This research aims to analyze paving blocks used in construction. Another objective of the research conducted was to analyze the opportunity of using added materials, namely recycled plastic and crumb rubber in making paving blocks, which aims to produce quality and sustainable products. In experimental research, the first step is to determine the variation in the composition of the additives used. Next, paving blocks are made through a dry mixing process until they are homogeneous, then molded using hexagonal molds and compacted manually. After that, the test objects undergo a curing process for 28 days before testing. Testing of paving blocks includes compressive strength and water absorption tests to determine the effect of adding additives on the quality and performance of the modified paving blocks. The results showed that the addition of plastic and crumb rubber can increase the strength of paving blocks and ensure flexibility and the product itself, reduce production costs and effective use of industrial waste.
Blocks, Recycled HDPE Plastic, Crumb Rubber, Compressive Strength, Water Absorption.
Copyright (c) 2026 Benigno Faza Akbari, Muhammad Aufa Ahda Athoillah, Juny Andry Sulistyo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Implementation of Green Building in Construction Projects in Manokwari with a Lean Construction Approach
The construction sector significantly contributes to global energy consumption and carbon emissions, necessitating integrated strategies that combine operational efficiency and environmental sustainability. This study develops a conceptual Lean–Green integration model for construction projects in Manokwari through a Systematic Literature Review following the PRISMA protocol. The analysis synthesizes empirical findings published between 2018 and 2026 to examine the causal relationships between Lean Construction practices and Green Building performance indicators. The results indicate that Lean–Green integration potentially reduces material waste by 15–35%, decreases project costs by 10–20%, and improves operational energy efficiency by up to 30%. The proposed input–process–output framework identifies managerial commitment, workforce capability, regulatory support, and digital technology integration as critical determinants of successful implementation. The discussion highlights organizational culture, risk management, supply chain integration, and BIM-based digitalization as strategic enablers in peripheral regions with logistical constraints.
Lean Construction, Green Building, Sustainable Construction, Waste Reduction, BIM Integration.
Copyright (c) 2025 Natalia E Safkaur (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Restructuring the Building's Substructure with Pile Foundations: A Case Study of the Batang III Industrial Workers' Apartment Building Construction Project JTGRSN21-03
Pile foundations play an important role in ensuring the stability of multi storey buildings subjected to axial loads, lateral loads, and moments. In the Batang III Industrial Worker Housing Project (JTGRSN21-03), the original foundation system used bored piles. This study redesigns the foundation into spun piles with a diameter of 0.80 m and a length of 12 m under the same soil conditions and loads. The research methodology was conducted through analysis of three foundation joints. Axial bearing capacity was evaluated using the Meyerhof method, resulting in a tip resistance of 946.00 kN, skin friction resistance of 2,970.37 kN, ultimate bearing capacity of 3,916.37 kN, and allowable bearing capacity of 1,305.46 kN. Lateral bearing capacity was analyzed using the Broms method with an allowable capacity of 162.0 kN. Group pile bearing capacity was determined using the Converse Labarre method. Settlement analysis using the Vesic method showed a single pile settlement of 22.69 mm and group settlements of 50.2 mm at joint 599, 41.8 mm at joint 628, and 21.0 mm at joint 371. Plaxis analysis produced smaller settlements of 13.94 mm, 13.44 mm, and 9.19 mm. The pile cap and shear wall design is considered safe.
Bearing Capacity, Foundation, Settlement, Pile Cap, Redesign.
Copyright (c) 2026 Abimanyu Wahyu P.S.P., Adi Prasetyo Pambudi, Soedarsono Soedarsono, Lisa Fitriyana (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Traffic Impact Due to Road Repairs on Majapahit Road in Semarang: A Case Study of Majapahit Road, Semarang City
The growth of urban activities in Semarang City has led to an increase in traffic movement, particularly along Jalan Majapahit, which serves as a primary corridor connecting the city center with residential and industrial areas. Road rehabilitation works on this segment caused lane narrowing, resulting in reduced road capacity and affecting overall traffic performance. This study aims to analyze traffic characteristics and road performance on Jalan Majapahit before and during the road rehabilitation period. The evaluated parameters include traffic volume, side friction, road capacity, degree of saturation (DS), and level of service (LOS), based on the Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines (PKJI 2023). The research method involved field surveys consisting of vehicle volume counts, side friction observations, and geometric road measurements. The collected data were then analyzed to determine road capacity and degree of saturation under both conditions. The results indicate that before rehabilitation, the degree of saturation reached approximately 0.736, representing relatively stable traffic conditions. However, during the rehabilitation period, the DS increased to 1.192, indicating that traffic demand exceeded road capacity, leading to congestion, reduced vehicle speeds, and traffic queues. Consequently, the level of service deteriorated from category C before rehabilitation to category E during rehabilitation
Jalan Majapahit, Road Performance, Traffic Volume, Degree of Saturation, Level of Service, PKJI 2023.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tarekh Al Aziz, Zuhair Zuhdi, Rachmat Mudiyono, Juny Andry Sulistyo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
K3 Performance Evaluation in the Ibrahim Tower Construction Project Phase 1 at Roemani Muhammadiyah Hospital in Semarang
This study evaluates Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) performance in the Ibrahim Tower Phase 1 Construction Project at Roemani Muhammadiyah Hospital, Semarang, using a field-based empirical quantitative descriptive-evaluative approach. The research integrates hazard identification, frequency rate measurement, and assessment of preventive implementation to determine overall safety performance. From 203 identified potential hazards within the project’s SMK3 documentation, 39 were verified as actual occurrences, representing 19.21 percent of the total identified hazards. Frequency Rate calculations based on 985,600 working hours indicate that all actual hazard variables fall within the low-risk category (FR ≤ 5), demonstrating controlled accident intensity. Questionnaire analysis involving managerial and operational personnel reveals good to very good levels of preventive implementation, supporting the low frequency findings. The integration of documented safety systems, empirical verification, quantitative risk measurement, and organizational commitment suggests that the project’s OHS management system functions effectively.
Occupational Health and Safety, Frequency Rate, Risk Management, Construction Project, SMK3.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alan Adi Nugroho, Eko Muliawan satrio (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Soil Stabilization Using Ferronickel Slag and Alkali Mixture
The Kendal Industrial Park (KIK), Central Java, is characterized by soft clay soil with low bearing capacity, requiring improvement before being used as a construction foundation. This study aims to determine soil classification, analyze the effect of ferronickel slag and alkali (NaOH and KOH) mixtures, and evaluate the potential of these mixtures as soil stabilization materials. The research was conducted experimentally in the laboratory through specific gravity tests, grain size distribution analysis, Atterberg limits, Standard Proctor compaction test, direct shear test, and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test. The mixture variations used consisted of 10% ferronickel slag combined with alkali solutions of NaOH and KOH at concentrations of 6%, 8%, and 10%. The results showed that the original soil was classified as fine-grained soil with high plasticity and a CBR value of 5.6%, indicating low bearing capacity. The addition of ferronickel slag and alkali reduced soil plasticity and increased soil strength and bearing capacity. Therefore, the mixture of ferronickel slag and alkali has the potential to be used as an environmentally friendly alternative soil stabilization material.
Soil Stabilization, Ferronickel Slag, Alkali, Clay Soil, CBR.
Copyright (c) 2026 Soma Shaki Hadi Nugraha, Dzulfikar Sani, Lisa Fitriyana, Juny Andry Sulistyo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC) with the Addition of Latex and Rice Husk Ash in Road Pavement
Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC) is a wearing layer on flexible pavements that directly receives traffic loads and environmental influences. However, conventional mixtures are still susceptible to plastic deformation, fatigue cracking, and water damage, so material modification is needed to improve their performance. This study aims to analyze the effect of adding latex and rice husk ash on the Marshall characteristics of AC-WC and to determine the optimal mixture variation. Laboratory experimental methods were used with 60/70 penetration asphalt, aggregates in accordance with the 2025 General Specifications for Highways, latex as an additive, and rice husk ash as a filler, with variations of 0%, 4%, 7%, and 9% latex and 0%, 3%, 6%, and 7% rice husk ash. Marshall test results showed that the combination of materials significantly affected the stability, flow, and stiffness of the mixture, while still meeting Bina Marga technical requirements. The best mixture was obtained with 3% latex and 6% rice husk ash, with VIM 4.82%, VMA 21.63%, VFB 78.01%, stability 831.17 kg, flow 3.73 mm, and MQ 222.33 kg/mm, making this variation recommended as the optimal and environmentally friendly AC-WC mixture.
AC-WC, Latex, Rice Husk Ash, Marshall, Road Pavement.
Copyright (c) 2026 Prabowo Pujito, Zida Shofwan Azhim, Eko Muliawan Satrio (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Comparative Study of Compressive Strength and Tensile Strength of Self-Compacting Concrete with Fly Ash and Silica Fume Substitutions
Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) is an innovative concrete that can flow and compact itself without a compactor, making it highly effective for use in structures with dense reinforcement and complex shapes. However, the high cement requirements of SCC increase costs and carbon emissions, necessitating alternatives in the form of pozzolanic material substitutions such as fly ash and silica fume. This study aimed to analyze the effect of these two materials on the compressive and splitting tensile strength of SCC concrete through experimental methods with substitution variations of 0%, 10%, and 15% of the cement weight, as well as testing of fresh properties according to standards. The results showed that pozzolanic material substitution improved the mechanical performance of SCC, but to varying degrees. The addition of 10% fly ash only provided a moderate increase in compressive strength of approximately 4% at 28 days and had no significant effect on splitting tensile strength. On the other hand, 10% silica fume proved to be the most optimal composition because it produced the highest compressive strength of 57.49 MPa (an increase of about 28% from normal concrete) and increased the splitting tensile strength to 3.58 MPa, making it more effective for high-quality SCC.
Fly Ash, Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Self-Compacting Concrete, Silica Fume.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anandha Risal Ariyanto, Ahmad Nur Syariffudin, Antonius Antonius (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Performance Engineering of Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC) Based on Biomass Waste: Experimental Study of Palm Kernel Shell and Dammar Resin Modification on Marshall Characteristics and Volumetric Parameters
Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC) road pavement functions as a crucial wearing layer to maintain its performance and service life, but conventional asphalt still faces problems with its high cost and dependence on non-renewable natural resources. Therefore, this study analyzes the use of palm kernel shell waste and dammar resin as a modified AC-WC mixture, looking at its Marshall characteristics and suitability to Bina Marga specifications. The method used is an experimental laboratory with variations of palm kernel shells of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% plus dammar resin of 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%. Marshall tests check stability, flow, VIM, VMA, VFA, and MQ according to SNI and Bina Marga. The results show that the addition of both has a positive effect, with the optimum at 7.5% palm kernel shells and 6% dammar resin increasing stability and meeting technical standards, making it highly potential as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative
AC-WC, Coconut Shells, Palm Oil, Damar Resin, Marshall Test
Copyright (c) 2026 Danang Wahyu kurniawan, Fathul Hidayat AR Rizqi, Rachmat Mudiyono (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimizing Construction Project Performance through the Lean Construction Approach in Manokwari
This study examines the optimization of school websites as information centers through the integration of alumni directories and organizational structures to enhance institutional communication and data management effectiveness. The research highlights that a well-structured website system not only functions as a medium for information dissemination but also as an integrated institutional database that supports digital-based governance in educational environments. The integration of alumni directories facilitates sustainable communication between schools and graduates, enabling stronger institutional networks and broader stakeholder engagement. The transparent presentation of organizational structures improves institutional accountability and accessibility of information for internal and external users. The synergy between these integrated features contributes to the development of an adaptive and responsive information system capable of supporting administrative needs and public communication. Ultimately, this implementation enhances the quality of educational information services and strengthens the institutional image in responding to the demands of digital transformation in the era of information technology.
School Website Optimization, Alumni Directory Integration, Organizational Structure Transparency, Information Management, Digital Governance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Natalia E Safkaur (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Time and Cost Efficiency of Conventional Methods and Steel Decks in Highway Bridge Deck Slab Construction
This study investigates the comparative efficiency of conventional cast-in-situ and steel deck methods for bridge deck slab construction in the Kapuk–Teluknaga–Rajeg Toll Road Project Phase I, Banten Province, Indonesia. The research applies a field-based empirical case study design with a quantitative approach, using primary data from site observations and structured interviews, and secondary data from shop drawings, project specifications, and cost documents. Cost estimation was conducted using unit price-based analysis following AHSP standards regulated by Permen PUPR No. 28/PRT/M/2016, while construction duration was calculated based on actual productivity and activity sequencing. The results indicate that the conventional method required 17 working days with a total cost of Rp 592,003,970, whereas the steel deck method required only 8 working days with a total cost of Rp 553,984,460. These findings demonstrate that steel deck provides a 52.94% reduction in construction time and a 6.42% cost saving. The study further shows that steel deck shifts project cost structure from labor-intensive operations to controlled material-based execution, improving schedule reliability and construction productivity.
Steel Deck, Cast In Situ, Deck Slab, Cost Efficiency, Time Efficiency.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kodrat Insany Taqwim (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluation of the Synchronization of Excavation and Loading Equipment and Cover Layer Removal Transport Equipment at PT XXY
This study evaluates the operational synchronization between loading and hauling equipment in overburden stripping activities at PT XXY, South Sumatra, using an empirical field-based approach conducted from April to June 2025. The system architecture consists of one excavator and several Off Highway Trucks operating within a single active mining front. Primary data were obtained through direct cycle time measurements of at least 30 representative cycles per unit, supported by secondary technical parameters including bucket capacity, swell factor, hauling distance, and effective working hours. Productivity analysis indicates an initial output of 367.81 BCM/hour with a match factor of 0.96, reflecting capacity imbalance and excavator waiting time. Simulation of fleet adjustment to eight hauling units increased productivity to 420.36 BCM/hour and improved system balance while reducing specific fuel consumption from 0.41 to 0.37 liter/BCM. Efficiency evaluation demonstrates that synchronization directly influences operational utilization, energy intensity, and production target achievement.
Overburden Stripping, Match Factor, Equipment Synchronization, Mining Productivity, Fuel Efficiency.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yopan Yopan, Ahmad Husni, Rodiyah Nursani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluation of Occupational Safety and Health Implementation in the Transportation of Overburden from the Mining Front to Disposal at PT X Lahat, South Sumatra
Overburden transportation constitutes a critical stage in open-pit mining operations, characterized by a high level of safety risk and a direct influence on production continuity. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in overburden hauling activities from the mining front to the disposal area at PT X, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra. The research employed a descriptive design integrating qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data were collected through field observations, interviews with relevant stakeholders, questionnaires administered to workers and heavy-equipment operators, and hazard identification alongside risk assessment using the Risk Assessment Matrix. The findings indicate that OSH implementation at PT X can be classified as satisfactory, as reflected in the high level of compliance with personal protective equipment usage, routine safety briefings, adequate safety signage, and active supervision by OSH personnel. Risk analysis shows that most hauling activities fall within low to moderate risk categories, although several hazards still require additional control measures. Overall, the OSH system in overburden transportation operates effectively; nevertheless, continuous evaluation remains essential to enhance operational safety and further reduce accident potential.
Hauling, Occupational Safety, Open-Pit Mining, Work Risk, Overburden Transportation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sefi Aranda, Reni Arisanti, Ahmad Husni (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Modified Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC) with the Addition of Wood Ash and Styrofoam Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) for Road Pavement
This laboratory-based quantitative experimental study evaluated the performance of Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC) modified with wood ash as filler and Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) styrofoam as asphalt additive. The research verified the base binder through penetration testing, yielding an average penetration value of 69.4, confirming the use of 60/70 penetration grade asphalt. Asphalt content was validated using extraction testing, resulting in an average binder content of 5.80%, ensuring consistency between design and actual mixture composition. Marshall testing was conducted to assess mechanical and volumetric characteristics, including stability, flow, Marshall Quotient (MQ), VMA, VIM, and VFB. The results demonstrated that EPS dosage significantly influenced volumetric balance and load resistance within the mixture. Among the evaluated combinations using 4% wood ash and EPS levels of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%, the optimum performance was achieved at 1.5% EPS, which satisfied key Bina Marga 2018 Revision 2 requirements for VIM, VMA, VFB, stability, and flow. However, MQ values remained below specification for all mixtures, indicating limitations in stiffness–deformation ratio and the need for further optimization and durability testing.
AC-WC, Wood Ash, EPS Styrofoam, Marshall Test, Asphalt Modification.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pradita Setya Ningtyias, Siti Fatimah, Rachmat Mudiyono (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
AC-WC Analysis Using a Mixture of Shell Waste and Waste Glass as Additives for Road Pavement
This study evaluates the performance of Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC) mixtures incorporating shell waste and waste glass as additives for sustainable pavement applications. The optimum asphalt content was determined at 5.8% using the Marshall method, producing balanced volumetric and mechanical properties that satisfy heavy traffic specifications. Waste glass addition without shell waste increased mixture stiffness but did not consistently achieve optimal stability due to volumetric imbalance. A synergistic effect was observed when shell waste and waste glass were combined. The mixture containing 5% shell waste and 5% waste glass demonstrated the most favorable performance, characterized by higher stability, proportional Marshall Quotient, controlled air void distribution, and improved structural integrity. Increasing shell waste content to 7.5% and 10% did not enhance performance and tended to reduce volumetric balance. Economic evaluation indicates a material cost reduction of approximately 1.72% per kilometer compared to conventional mixtures, without compromising mechanical performance. The findings confirm that the optimal incorporation of shell waste and waste glass is technically feasible and economically beneficial for sustainable AC-WC pavement construction.
AC-WC, Shell Waste, Waste Glass, Marshall Stability, Sustainable Pavement
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Rahman, Singgih Aji Saputra, Rachmat Mudiyono (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Designing a Real-Time Internet of Things (IoT)-Based Home Safe Security Monitoring System via Telegram Bot
This study presents the design and development of a real-time IoT-based monitoring security system for home safes integrated with Telegram Bot notifications. The proposed system employs NodeMCU ESP8266 as the main controller, combined with an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor for motion detection and an MPU-6500 vibration sensor for shock recognition. When suspicious movement or abnormal vibration is detected, the system activates a local buzzer alarm and triggers an automatic solenoid door lock mechanism through a relay module. Simultaneously, warning messages are transmitted instantly to users via Telegram Bot and displayed on a web-based monitoring dashboard. Experimental evaluation indicates that the ultrasonic sensor achieved an average measurement error of ±1.6 cm, while vibration detection responded within 0.2–0.5 seconds. The solenoid locking mechanism demonstrated 100% success across all test scenarios. Telegram notifications were delivered with an average latency of 1.33 seconds, depending on network quality. The optimization stage improved detection stability, reduced false alarms, and enhanced system reliability. Overall, the developed prototype offers an effective and low-cost smart security solution for domestic safe protection.
IoT security system, home safe monitoring, Telegram Bot notification, NodeMCU ESP8266, smart lock automation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yesaya IXVois Hendrikus Sereh, Mizanul Achlaq, Agung Widodo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Implementation of E-Procurement within the Procurement Service Unit (UKPBJ) of the Directorate General of Corrections in Lampung
This study examines the empirical implementation of e-procurement within the Procurement Service Unit (UKPBJ) of the Directorate General of Corrections in Lampung, focusing on accountability, effectiveness, and transparency outcomes. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and document analysis, while analytical validation employed triangulation and the interactive model of data reduction, display, and iterative conclusion verification. Findings indicate that digital systems such as SPSE, e-catalogue, and INAPROC have substantially improved traceability and procedural order in procurement activities, enabling more efficient supplier selection, contract management, and monitoring of procurement stages. Nevertheless, optimal outcomes are hindered by infrastructure disparities, limited human resource competencies, and inconsistent managerial support, which constrain uniform adoption and system utilization. Regulatory support and policy clarity significantly influence implementation success, while leadership and capacity-building emerge as pivotal enablers. The study contributes to e-procurement literature by empirically validating socio-technical determinants of digital procurement performance, highlighting the need for coordinated interventions in technological readiness, institutional governance, and personnel development to fully realize transparency, accountability, and efficiency objectives in public sector procurement
Digital Education Policy, E-Rapor, Policy Implementation, Educational Digitalization, Rural Schools.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vike Youdit, Intan Fitri Meutia, Dian Kagungan, Noverman Duadji (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Implementing Digital Education Policy through e-Rapor in Rural Indonesian High Schools: A Case Study of SMAN 1 Abung Tinggi
This study examines the implementation of Indonesia’s digital education policy through the e-Rapor system in a rural public high school, SMAN 1 Abung Tinggi, using a qualitative descriptive case study approach. Drawing on in-depth interviews, non-participant observations, and document analysis, the research analyzes e-Rapor as a socio-technical instrument embedded in organizational routines rather than as a standalone technological application. The findings show that e-Rapor improves administrative efficiency, data integration, and reporting accountability, while simultaneously reshaping assessment practices, professional roles, and internal coordination mechanisms. Implementation outcomes are strongly mediated by human resource capacity, leadership practices, infrastructural constraints, and informal adaptive arrangements developed at the school level. Digital literacy gaps and unstable connectivity remain persistent challenges, yet peer collaboration and managerial support enable functional policy adaptation. The study demonstrates that digital policy effectiveness in rural contexts emerges from institutional mediation and organizational learning, not from technological deployment alone. Theoretically, the research contributes to policy implementation and digital governance by highlighting adaptive compliance, while methodologically it demonstrates qualitative inquiry for capturing contextualized dynamics.
Digital Education Policy, e-Rapor, Policy Implementation, Educational Digitalization, Rural Schools.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aghisna Amalia Putri, Intan Fitri Meutia, Dedy Hermawan, Bambang Utoyo S (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Implementation of Disaster Response System using Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment Method
Disaster mitigation is a process that must be done so that the victim could be helped as soon as possible. This study aims to create a system of triage to provide information services quickly, efficiently, and effectively in disaster management. Methods This study focuses how to make triage information system, where victims disaster will grouped based on priorities through the triage process by using algorithms Siple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) system thus built can be used by people who are not medical team. These results indicate that the system will provide the decision through the triage results to categorize by color. Victims are labeled red are critical and require the victim to the hospital treatment, the victim was a yellow label, green label handling of victims that can be postponed, while the black label indicates the patient is dead, the result would facilitate triage medical team in conducting further treatment. It can be concluded that the disaster triage information system can provide convenience in handling the victims based on the level of emergency.
Disaster Response System, START Triage, Android Application, Victim Classification, Health Technology.
Copyright (c) 2025 Roby Stevi Lumbu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Explainable AI (XAI) Analysis Using SHAP for Credit Card Fraud
The increased use of credit cards in digital payment systems has also increased the risk of transaction fraud, which has led to financial losses and a decline in user confidence. Various machine learning approaches have been developed to automatically detect fraud, but most high-performance models are black-box in nature, making them difficult to explain and unsupportive of auditing and decision-making processes. This study aims to analyze the application of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) using the SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) method in credit card fraud detection systems. An imbalanced credit card transaction dataset was used as experimental data, with two classification models, namely Logistic Regression as a baseline and Random Forest as an ensemble model. Performance evaluation was conducted using Precision, Recall, F1-score, and Average Precision (PR-AUC) metrics, which are more suitable for imbalanced data cases. The experimental results show that the Random Forest model performs better than Logistic Regression, especially in terms of Precision, F1-Score, and PR-AUC metrics. Explainability analysis using SHAP was performed to obtain global and local explanations for the model's decisions. Global explanations successfully identified the dominant features that influence fraud predictions, while local explanations provided an overview of the contribution of individual features to specific fraud transactions. The results of this study show that the application of SHAP can improve the transparency and clarity of fraud detection model decisions without sacrificing prediction performance, thereby potentially supporting the development of a more reliable and easily audited fraud detection system.
Fraud detection , Explainable AI, SHAP, Credit card, Machine learning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yanuangga Galahartlambang, Titik Khotiah, Ilham Basri K, Masrur Anwar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Implementation of WordPress Based on Virtual Machines on the Linux Operating System
The development of information technology has increased the demand for content management systems that are easy to use and flexible for website management. WordPress is widely used as a platform for building informational websites. This study aims to implement WordPress on a Linux operating system based on a Virtual Machine as a medium for website development and testing. The research methods include system design, virtual network configuration, installation of the web server and database server, and system functionality testing. The implementation is carried out using a Linux server environment with Apache as the web server and MySQL as the database server. The results show that WordPress can be successfully installed and run in a virtual environment and accessed through a local network using an IP address and a local domain. This implementation demonstrates that Virtual Machine technology is an effective and efficient solution for WordPress-based website development without requiring a physical server.
WordPress, Virtual Machine, Linux Operating System, Web Server, Database Server.
Copyright (c) 2025 Princess An-Najwa Amin, Aida Nurul Fitri, Fauzi Abdul Rohim, Muhammad Fikri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Application System for Food Aid Distribution Using the PGC (Pos Giro Cash) Application
PT Pos Indonesia (Persero) is a state-owned enterprise engaged in services, particularly communication and delivery services, as well as financial services through post offices. As a state-owned enterprise, PT Pos Indonesia is committed to maintaining public trust and providing optimal services to the government and the community. Post offices serve as a means for various transactions, such as sending letters and packages, paying bills, withdrawing money, and selling stamps. In supporting the distribution of social assistance, PT Pos Indonesia has developed the Pos Giro Cash application, which is used to document the homes of beneficiary families (KPM) of the Sembako Program. This application aims to minimize the risk of misdirected assistance by collecting and managing recipient data accurately. Social assistance is a form of government spending provided in the form of money, goods, or services to protect the community from social risks and improve welfare. One form of social assistance is food assistance, which aims to ensure that the community has access to sufficient and nutritious food. This application system was developed as a set of integrated elements to achieve the goal of targeted and effective assistance distribution.
Application, PGC (Pos Giro Cash), Social Assistance, Food Assistance, System
Copyright (c) 2025 Mohammad Rachel (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Steel Structure Design for a Five-Story Cooperative Office Building: Strength and Earthquake Resistance Analysis Based on SNI 1726 and SNI 1729
This study examines the structural planning of a five-story cooperative office building using a steel structural system, with emphasis on strength performance and seismic resistance in accordance with SNI 1726 and SNI 1729. The research adopts a quantitative structural engineering approach through three-dimensional modeling and dynamic analysis using the response spectrum method. Seismic parameters were determined based on site location, soil classification, and building risk category, and then used to develop the design response spectrum. Structural performance was evaluated by comparing internal forces on beams and columns with the nominal capacities of steel members under combined gravity and seismic loading. The analysis confirms that all structural elements satisfy strength requirements and comply with the strong column–weak beam concept, ensuring adequate ductility. Global structural behavior was assessed through inter-story drift, base shear distribution, and deformation patterns, all of which remain within allowable limits. The results indicate that the planned steel structural system provides sufficient stiffness, stability, and seismic resistance for medium-rise office buildings in seismic regions.
steel structure, seismic design, response spectrum analysis, SNI 1726, SNI 1729.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rheznandya Marel, Farrel Al Fasha Saputra, Amin Wakhid, Eko Rudi Utomo, Nor Hidayati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Implementation of Waste Management Information System at the Environmental Agency of Tegal City
This study aims to evaluate and implement a waste management information system at the Tegal City Environment Agency to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of waste data management. The study was conducted through two months of fieldwork, focusing on the development of a web-based system using PHP, MySQL, and Visual Studio Code. This system includes user registration, login authentication, waste bank transaction data processing, and an administrative dashboard display. The implementation results show that this information system is capable of speeding up the recording process, reducing input errors, and increasing the transparency and accuracy of waste management data. In addition, this system also facilitates interaction between the community and the managing agency through easy access and real-time data presentation. The significance of this research lies in its contribution to supporting cleaner, more efficient, and sustainable environmental management, while also serving as the basis for the development of more modern waste management information systems in the future.
Information System, Waste Management, Environmental Agency, Waste Bank, Data Efficiency.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dicky Lintang Prasetyo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Website Optimization for the Indonesian Red Cross in Tegal City in Supporting Blood Donation and Donations
The website of Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) Kota Tegal plays a strategic role in facilitating blood donation and supporting various humanitarian programs. This study aims to analyze the optimization of the PMI Kota Tegal website in enhancing public participation in blood donation and donations through digital platforms. A qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach was employed, incorporating observations, interviews, and documentation. Website development utilized WordPress with Elementor plugins to ensure user-friendly interfaces and interactive features. Findings indicate that while the website effectively provides essential information such as donor schedules, procedures, and donation options, further optimization is needed in content interactivity, accessibility across devices, and integration with social media. Interactive features, digital forms, and clear navigation significantly influence user engagement and satisfaction. The study highlights the importance of combining digital strategies with transparency and accountability to strengthen community trust and participation. Recommendations include regular content updates, incorporation of multimedia elements, and enhancement of online donor management features to maximize the website’s role as a communication and mobilization tool.
PMI Kota Tegal, Website Optimization, Blood Donation, Digital Engagement, Humanitarian Services.
Copyright (c) 2025 Chairul Tri Mardiansyah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Noise Root Causes on Vehicle Instrument Panels (Dashboards) Using the Why-Why Analysis and Fishbone Diagram Approaches
Noise issues in vehicle instrument panels remain a critical challenge in automotive interior quality, particularly in the form of rattle and squeak phenomena that affect customer perception and product reliability. This study examines the root causes of instrument panel noise through an integrated application of Why-Why Analysis and Fishbone Diagram. The research is based on an in-depth analysis of documented manufacturing practices, dimensional variability, material behavior, and assembly conditions commonly encountered in automotive production. The findings indicate that noise generation is primarily driven by inconsistent dimensional gaps resulting from process variability rather than design deficiencies alone. Why-Why Analysis reveals that inadequate fixture maintenance, inconsistent adherence to standard operating procedures, and limited sensitivity in quality control systems represent the most dominant root causes. The Fishbone Diagram further demonstrates how human factors, equipment condition, material characteristics, measurement limitations, assembly methods, and environmental conditions interact to amplify noise risks. By combining both analytical approaches, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms behind instrument panel noise and highlights the importance of holistic process control and continuous improvement strategies to achieve sustainable NVH performance.
instrument panel noise, Why-Why analysis, fishbone diagram, automotive NVH, quality improvement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sifha Awaludin, Muh Amirudin, Yudi Prastyo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The 5S Method as an Effort to Maintain Work Safety and Product Quality at PT. TS
This study aims to analyze the implementation of the 5S method as an effort to improve occupational safety and maintain product quality at PT. TS. A qualitative descriptive approach was applied through direct observation, interviews, and evaluation using a 5S checklist to assess changes before and after implementation. The results indicate that the application of Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, and Shitsuke significantly improved workplace organization, cleanliness, and operational discipline. These improvements contributed to reduced safety risks, more efficient work processes, and better control of product quality. Behavioral analysis revealed a positive shift in employee attitudes, reflected in increased awareness, discipline, and initiative in maintaining the work environment. Furthermore, the evaluation of effectiveness showed that consistent standardization and management support played a crucial role in sustaining the implementation of 5S. Overall, the study confirms that the 5S method is not merely a housekeeping tool but a strategic foundation for developing a safe, efficient, and quality-oriented work culture in manufacturing industries
5S method, occupational safety, product quality, work culture, manufacturing industry
Copyright (c) 2025 Ardian rahmaditian, Tarsidi,Yudi prastyo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Python-Based Google Colab Application in Implementing Tree Theory with the Random Forest Classifier Algorithm
This study examines the application of Python-based Google Colab in implementing tree theory through the Random Forest Classifier algorithm for income classification in data science, artificial intelligence, and machine learning professions. The research adopts an experimental quantitative approach using secondary data sourced from a global employment dataset. The methodological process includes data preprocessing, feature selection, class balancing, model training, and performance evaluation within the Google Colab environment. The results demonstrate that Random Forest effectively represents tree theory through ensemble decision structures capable of handling complex and heterogeneous data. Model evaluation indicates a satisfactory level of accuracy, confirming the classifier’s ability to generalize patterns across different income categories. Feature importance analysis reveals that job title, experience level, and company location play a significant role in determining income classification. These findings highlight the relevance of Random Forest as both a predictive and interpretative model, while emphasizing Google Colab’s effectiveness as a computational platform for machine learning experimentation. Overall, the study contributes to the practical understanding of tree-based algorithms and their application in analyzing labor market dynamics within the digital economy.
Random Forest, Tree Theory, Machine Learning, Google Colab, Income Classification
Copyright (c) 2025 Dede Prabowo Wiguna, Lisda Juliana pangaribuan, Sakaria Efrata Ginting (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Identification of Factors and Models for the Development of Integrated Tourism Infrastructure in Bengkulu Province
The tourism sector is one of the key drivers in boosting economic growth and community welfare. Although its contribution to Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is still relatively small, the potential of national tourism continues to show positive development, mainly supported by advances in technology, transportation, and telecommunications that facilitate mobility and access to tourism information. Globally, Indonesia's tourism competitiveness has increased significantly, as reflected in the rise in the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index by the World Economic Forum, particularly in terms of transportation infrastructure and tourism services. However, this improvement has not been evenly distributed across all regions. Foreign tourists are still focused on certain destinations such as Bali, Riau Islands, and DKI Jakarta, while several other provinces have not been able to attract tourists optimally. The province of Bengkulu, for example, shows a fluctuating trend with a downward trend in the number of foreign tourist visits and is recorded as one of the regions with the lowest number of visits in Indonesia. This condition indicates an imbalance in tourism development between regions and the need for more effective and integrated strategies to encourage increased regional tourism attractiveness and competitiveness.
Integrated Infrastructure, Tourism Competitiveness, Regional Tourism, Regional Development, Bengkulu.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rezi Munizar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0