Journal of Social Humanities and Education
Scripta Humanika: Journal of Social Humanities and Educationn is a scientific journal that publishes research articles, conceptual studies, and critical thinking in the fields of social sciences, humanities, and education. This journal aims to be an academic platform for researchers, lecturers, students, and practitioners to present relevant, up-to-date, and solution-oriented scientific ideas in response to the dynamics of society and the world of education. The journal's scope covers various disciplines such as sociology, anthropology, philosophy, communication, culture, as well as contemporary educational issues, including education policy, curriculum, law, economics, and learning innovation.
The Philosophical Significance of Longgo and Langga in Shaping the Character of Gorontalo Society
This study examines the philosophical values embedded in the traditional martial arts of Longgo and Langga and their role in shaping the character of the Gorontalo community within a contemporary socio-cultural context. Employing a qualitative descriptive design, data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving customary leaders, trainers, and practitioners. The findings reveal that Longgo and Langga function not merely as systems of physical defense but as culturally embedded practices that integrate symbolic meanings, social norms, and spiritual principles. These practices facilitate the internalization of core values, including courage, self-control, discipline, solidarity, and religiosity, through embodied learning and collective experience. The study further identifies that the sustainability of these values is challenged by modernization, generational shifts, and the decline of traditional transmission mechanisms. Strategic efforts such as educational integration, community revitalization, and digital adaptation emerge as critical pathways for sustaining their relevance. This research contributes to the discourse on culture-based character education by offering a contextualized framework that bridges traditional knowledge systems with contemporary pedagogical approaches.
Copyright (c) 2026 Haslan Y. Usman, Sutrisno Mohamad, Irvan Tasnur (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Development of a Roulette Bingo Learning Tool for Indonesian Language Instruction to Enhance Critical Thinking Skills Among Fourth-Grade Elementary School Students
This study aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of Roulette Bingo as an innovative learning medium to enhance critical thinking skills in fourth-grade Indonesian language learning. The research employed a mixed-methods approach within a Research and Development (R&D) framework using the ADDIE model, involving stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, tests, and documentation, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and N-Gain analysis. The validation results indicated that the developed media achieved a very high feasibility level, supported by expert judgments in media, material, and language aspects. Implementation findings demonstrated a significant improvement in students’ critical thinking skills, as reflected in the increase from pre-test to post-test scores and a high N-Gain category. Qualitative findings also revealed increased student engagement, collaboration, and active participation during learning activities. These results confirm that Roulette Bingo serves as an effective, interactive, and practical instructional medium aligned with contemporary pedagogical demands. The study highlights the importance of integrating game-based learning to foster higher-order thinking skills in elementary education.
Learning Media, Roulette Bingo, Critical Thinking, Indonesian Language Learning, Elementary Education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muthia Khairani, Fitri Hilmiyati, Imas Mastoah, Hanafi Hanafi, Oman Farhurohman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Kampung Cumi: A Vibrant Festival and Economic Development in Langgula Village
This study aims to analyze the role of the Kampung Cumi Festival in the economic development of the Langgula Village community through a local socio-cultural perspective. The background of this study stems from the need for a coastal village development model capable of sustainably integrating the economic potential of fisheries with the community’s cultural practices. The research approach employs an empirical qualitative descriptive design, utilizing data collection techniques such as field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentary studies of the social actors involved in the festival. The findings indicate that the Kampung Cumi Festival serves as a space for creative economic empowerment centered on processed squid products, while also functioning as a medium for reproducing local cultural values such as mutual cooperation and the transmission of traditions. Community participation strengthens the village’s social capital and enhances the capacity of SMEs in product innovation and collective promotion. The festival also fosters the integration of culture, economy, and village institutions, thereby creating an adaptive and inclusive development ecosystem. The novelty of this research lies in the analysis of cultural festivals as instruments for sustainable village economic development rooted in the social identity of coastal communities.
Cultural Festival, Village Creative Economy, Coastal Community Empowerment, Local Wisdom, Squid-Processing SMEs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nanda W. Kountu, Helman Manay, Irvan Tasnur (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Spreading a Message of Goodness: Effective Islamic Communication Strategies for Da’wah in the Digital Age
The rapid expansion of digital communication technologies has fundamentally transformed the landscape of Islamic da’wah, requiring adaptive and strategic approaches to effectively disseminate moral and religious messages. This study aims to analyze effective Islamic communication strategies in spreading positive values through digital da’wah by employing a qualitative empirical approach that integrates literature review and social media content analysis. The findings reveal that successful digital da’wah is characterized by the strategic use of multimedia content, platform optimization, and interactive engagement that fosters meaningful audience participation. Furthermore, the study highlights the critical role of ethical communication grounded in Islamic principles, including politeness, inclusivity, and credibility, in enhancing audience trust and message acceptance. The integration of technological innovation with normative religious values emerges as a key determinant in maintaining both the relevance and authenticity of da’wah in the digital era. This research contributes theoretically by proposing a holistic framework that bridges digital communication dynamics and Islamic ethical principles, and methodologically by demonstrating the value of thematic and comparative analysis in examining contemporary da’wah practices. The findings provide practical implications for developing adaptive, ethical, and impactful digital da’wah strategies.
Islamic Communication, Digital Da’wah, Social Media, Communication Strategy, Digital Era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Izzudin Hitimala (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Integration of Islamic Values and Local Culture in the Tradition of Male Circumcision in Lamu Village
This study aims to analyze the integration of Islamic values and local culture in the tradition of male circumcision in Lamu Village as a living socio-religious practice within the community. The background of this study is based on the existence of the circumcision tradition, which is understood not only as a religious obligation but also as a cultural expression that has undergone a process of social adaptation and reinterpretation. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach through field research using participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of tradition practitioners, parents, as well as religious and traditional leaders. Data analysis was conducted thematically through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions with triangulation validation of sources. The research findings indicate that the circumcision tradition functions as a medium for the internalization of Islamic values, a means of religious education for children, and a mechanism for community social integration through symbols, rituals, and collective practices. The integration of religion and culture occurs dialogically through the selection of customary elements that align with Islamic norms. The novelty of this research lies in its empirical explanation of circumcision as a space for socio-religious transformation that demonstrates the harmonization of Islamic identity and local wisdom within the context of rural society.
Circumcision, Islamic Values, Local Culture, Tradition, Lamu Village.
Copyright (c) 2026 Olfin Anuke, Sutrisno Mohamad, Renol Hasan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Enhancing Early Childhood Thinking Skills Through a Coding-Based Play Approach
Young children today live in a modern age that is inseparable from technology. They can easily use electronic devices. Children’s technological skills in this modern era need to be harnessed and nurtured by developing their logical and creative thinking abilities, one of which is through coding. This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of how coding can enhance young children’s thinking skills. This study employs a literature review methodology. The findings indicate that coding enhances children’s thinking processes, encompassing creativity, imagination, logical reasoning, systematic thinking, critical thinking, and meticulousness when solving problems. The driving force behind coding education is computational thinking (CT). Coding and CT are interrelated. CT is a thinking process that involves formulating problems, analyzing, designing, scientific and logical thinking, algorithmic and numerical thinking, recognizing patterns, and developing cooperative and creative thinking. Coding refers to the act of programming or giving instructions to a computer. Coding can be taught through plugged coding, unplugged coding, and, progressively, through communication, the use of landmarks, and robot programming. Coding education demonstrates that digital skills are necessary to support the thinking required in the 21st century.
Early childhood, Coding, Computational thinking, Creativity, Problem-solving.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maesaroh Lubis, Elfan Fanhas Fatwa Khonaeny, Sarmidi Sarmidi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Navigating the Future of Warfare: A Strategic Framework for Innovative Professional Military Education in the Era of Hybrid Threats
The character of global security is currently undergoing a paradigm shift, driven by the emergence of hybrid warfare and rapid technological disruptions. This dynamic necessitates a profound redefinition of military officer competencies. This study aims to analyze strategic transformation frameworks within Professional Military Education (PME), focusing on the integration of cognitive readiness and technological innovation. Employing a qualitative methodology with a systematic case study approach, the research evaluates the effectiveness of incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI), virtual reality simulations, and adaptive learning environments into modern military curricula. The findings reveal a significant gap between traditional pedagogical models and the complex operational requirements of contemporary conflict zones. Specifically, the results suggest that technical proficiency alone is insufficient; rather, strategic success depends on enhanced critical thinking and decision-making under pressure. Consequently, this research proposes a human-centric educational framework that harmonizes digital literacy with strategic leadership soft skills. The implications provide a strategic roadmap for military academies to produce leaders capable of navigating the volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA) of future armed conflicts. Ultimately, this transformation is essential for maintaining strategic superiority and national defense resilience in an increasingly unstable global landscape.
Professional Military Education, Cognitive Readiness, Hybrid Warfare, Defense Strategy, Artificial Intelligence.
Copyright (c) 2025 Budi Harijanto, Lukito Edi Nugroho, Subando Agus Margono, Ambar Teguh Sulistiyani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Strategic People Management Challenges in the Implementation of the Red and White Village Cooperative Program in Indonesia
The Red and White Village Cooperative Program represents a major national initiative designed to strengthen rural economic institutions and promote inclusive local development in Indonesia. The rapid establishment of village cooperatives across the country has generated complex organizational challenges related to human resource readiness, governance arrangements, and institutional coordination. This study examines these challenges through the analytical perspective of strategic people management. An empirical qualitative design was employed using secondary data derived from policy documents, institutional reports, and scholarly analyses concerning the implementation of village cooperatives. The data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis to identify patterns associated with human capital capacity, participatory governance, and organizational alignment within cooperative institutions. The findings indicate that limitations in managerial competence, uneven participation structures, and fragmented coordination among rural economic institutions significantly influence program sustainability. Strengthening leadership capacity, developing participatory governance mechanisms, and improving policy alignment with local economic ecosystems are essential for ensuring effective cooperative management. The study contributes to the literature by highlighting the strategic role of human-centered institutional management in supporting sustainable rural cooperative development.
Strategic People Management, Village Cooperatives, Rural Governance, Institutional Capacity, Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yosi Muhaemin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Quranic Interpretation And Its Discourse: The Case Of Naṣr Hamīd Abū Zayd Commentary In Between Tafsīr And Ta’wīl
This study examines the interpretive discourse of Naṣr Ḥamīd Abū Zayd concerning the relationship between tafsīr and ta’wīl within contemporary Qur’ānic hermeneutics. Employing a non-empirical qualitative design, the research applies textual and qualitative content analysis to Abū Zayd’s major works, Mafhūm al-Naṣṣ: Dirāsah fī ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān and al-Tajdīd wa al-Taḥrīm wa al-Ta’wīl: Bayna al-Ma‘rifah al-‘Ilmiyyah wa al-Khawf min al-Takfīr. The analysis explores how interpretive terminology, authority, and textual meaning are constructed within the broader intellectual history of Qur’ānic interpretation. The findings indicate that Abū Zayd reconceptualizes ta’wīl as a critical hermeneutical practice that mediates between linguistic textuality, historical context, and human reasoning. Rather than rejecting the classical exegetical tradition, his framework situates tafsīr and ta’wīl within a complementary interpretive continuum. This reconstruction challenges rigid interpretive hierarchies and highlights the discursive nature of Qur’ānic interpretation. The study demonstrates that Abū Zayd’s hermeneutical project contributes to contemporary debates on interpretive authority, contextual reading, and methodological pluralism in Qur’ānic studies, offering a conceptual model that bridges classical exegetical heritage with modern intellectual inquiry.
Qur’anic Hermeneutics, Tafsīr, Ta’wīl, Naṣr Ḥamīd Abū Zayd, Interpretive Discourse.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jamaluddin Akbar, Zainul Arif, Ulya Darojah, M. Khodimul Wahib (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Public Relations Strategy in the Free Helmet Sharing Program to Build the Image of the West Jakarta Metro Police
This study examines the implementation of public relations strategies in the “Berbagi Helm Gratis” program conducted by the West Jakarta Metro Police as an institutional effort to strengthen public trust and develop a positive organizational image. Using a qualitative case study approach, the research explores how communication strategies are designed and implemented within a public safety initiative integrated into the 2024 Operation Zebra Jaya campaign. Empirical data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with institutional actors, and documentation of program activities. The findings indicate that the distribution of helmets functions not only as a traffic safety intervention but also as a strategic communication instrument that facilitates interaction between police officers and citizens. The program demonstrates how community-based engagement can humanize institutional authority and reinforce perceptions of service orientation within law enforcement institutions. Furthermore, the integration of direct communication practices with digital public relations channels strengthens the visibility and credibility of institutional initiatives. The study highlights the importance of socially embedded public relations strategies in fostering institutional legitimacy and improving public perception toward police organizations.
Public Relations Strategy, Institutional Image, Police Communication, Community Engagement, Traffic Safety Campaign.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yudistira Raden Syahputra, Istisari Bulan Lageni, Tria Patrianti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Practice of Gharar in TikTok Shop Promotions: An Analysis of Digital Content Based on Fiqh Muamalah
This study analyzes gharar practices in TikTok Shop promotions through a fiqh muamalah approach integrated with empirical findings on live-streaming commerce and urgency marketing. The data shows that uncertainty arises not only in the object of the contract through discrepancies in the identity and specifications of goods, but also in pricing through non-transparent discounts and price changes at checkout, as well as in transaction mechanisms such as limited stock claims and inconsistent COD promotions. Using the Stimulus–Organism–Response framework, this study interprets that affective pressure, arousal, and fear of missing out accelerate decision-making, thereby affecting the quality of tarāḍī in contracts. Normative analysis classifies the spectrum of gharar from yasīr to fāḥish based on the affected contract elements and the level of information distortion. Unlike gharar studies that generally focus on modern financial instruments, this study places digital promotions as the locus of evaluating the validity of contracts in social commerce, and affirms the preventive function of fiqh muamalah in assessing the transparency and fairness of platform-based transactions.
Gharar, TikTok Shop, Live Streaming Commerce, Fiqh Muamalah, Urgency Marketing
Copyright (c) 2026 Echa Ayu Safitri, Fadhilah Yulandari, Wulan Permata Sari, Muhammad Fariq Heemal Attruk (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Transformation of Mobile Learning Before and After the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Role of Librarians in Strengthening Online and Hybrid Learning
This study examines the transformation of mobile learning before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and analyzes the evolving role of librarians in strengthening online and hybrid learning in higher education. Using a non-empirical literature-based approach, the research synthesizes recent scholarly works to map structural changes in digital pedagogy, learning models, and information mediation. The findings indicate that mobile learning has shifted from a supplementary instructional tool to a central learning infrastructure that reshapes interaction, access, and knowledge construction. Online and hybrid learning environments demand robust information ecosystems in which librarians function as pedagogical mediators, supporting digital literacy, resource curation, and continuity of learning experiences. Comparative analysis with prior studies reveals that librarian engagement enhances learner autonomy, reduces digital inequities, and improves the sustainability of technology integration. Conceptually, the study positions academic libraries as strategic nodes within digital education systems. The research concludes that effective mobile learning implementation depends on the synergy between technological innovation, institutional design, and librarian-led knowledge facilitation that aligns pedagogical flexibility with academic rigor.
Mobile Learning, Pustakawan, Pembelajaran Daring, Pendidikan Tinggi, Transformasi Digital.
Copyright (c) 2025 Daniel Pandapotan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Balancing Economic Opportunities And Security Risks In The Pakistan, Afghanistan, And Central Asia Corridor: Sosiology Law
This research explores the strategic and economic significance of the Pakistan–Afghanistan Central Asia corridor, a region historically linked by the ancient Silk Road and now positioned at the heart of modern connectivity initiatives such as China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). While the corridor offers vast potential for trade, energy, and regional integration, it simultaneously faces persistent challenges of insecurity, political instability, and great power rivalry. The study examines whether economic integration can serve as a catalyst for peace or whether stability must first be secured to enable development. Drawing on economic, security, and geopolitical perspectives, the paper argues that peace and prosperity are mutually reinforcing rather than sequential goals. Projects such as TAPI and CASA-1000 demonstrate the potential of shared economic interests to promote cooperation; however, insecurity in Afghanistan and identity-based divisions continue to threaten progress. The analysis recommends an inclusive economic approach, a joint regional security mechanism, balanced engagement with major powers, and gradual, community-centered integration. Ultimately, sustainable peace in the corridor depends on parallel progress in both security and development. If managed wisely, the corridor can transform from a zone of tension into a platform for interregional cooperation and shared prosperity.
Afghanistan, Belt and Road Initiative, Central Asia, economic integration, Pakistan.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arief Fahmi Lubis (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Legal Certainty of Termination of Employment due to Company Efficiency Based on Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning Job Creation
Termination of employment (PHK) due to company efficiency poses significant legal and social challenges in Indonesia, especially after the enactment of Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning Job Creation. This study uses a normative juridical approach to analyze legal provisions, court decisions, and legal literature related to efficiency-based PHK, with a systematic and teleological interpretative framework. The results of the analysis show that although the Job Creation Law stipulates procedures and normative rights for workers through Articles 161–165, there are normative and implementative gaps that cause legal uncertainty, social conflict, and the risk of procedural injustice for workers. The socio-legal study shows that the effectiveness of legal norms depends not only on formal compliance by companies, but also on the integration of norms, practices, and the socio-economic conditions of workers. These findings emphasize the need for participatory mediation mechanisms, procedural transparency, and consistent protection of normative rights to strengthen legal certainty and social justice in the practice of efficiency-based termination. This research provides theoretical and practical contributions to the development of labor laws that are responsive to social dynamics.
Termination of Employment, Company Efficiency, Legal Certainty, Job Creation Law, Socio-Legal.
Copyright (c) 2025 Achmad Nurwachid, Deki Satriawan, Hery Kurniawan Zaenal, Yudhistira Prawira Utama, Marco Orias (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Improving Students’ Critical Thinking through Problem-Based Learning in English Class at Grade XI SMK Swasta GKPI 1 Pematangsiantar
This study investigates the enhancement of students’ critical thinking performance through the implementation of Problem-Based Learning in an English class at Grade XI of SMK Swasta GKPI 1 Pematangsiantar. Employing a qualitative descriptive field research design, the study aims to examine how PBL facilitates the development of higher-order thinking skills within a vocational English learning context. Data were collected through classroom observations, interviews, document analysis, and critical thinking assessments conducted before and after the implementation of PBL. The findings indicate a significant improvement in students’ critical thinking performance across multiple indicators, including problem identification, logical reasoning, evaluation of ideas, decision-making, and reflective thinking. The results further reveal that PBL enhances students’ cognitive engagement by integrating authentic problem scenarios, collaborative inquiry, and reflective practices into English instruction. The vocational orientation of learning tasks strengthens relevance and supports deeper cognitive processing. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the effectiveness of PBL in vocational English education and highlights its potential to create student-centered, cognitively rich learning environments that support both language development and critical thinking growth
Problem-Based Learning, Critical Thinking, English Education, Vocational High School, Qualitative Study.
Copyright (c) 2026 Heltri Firdayati S, Selviana Napitupulu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Students’ Comments on Social Media
This study investigates how students’ comments on social media have been conceptualized, analyzed, and theorized within Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA)-oriented scholarship. Employing a qualitative library research design grounded in an interpretivist–critical epistemology, the study systematically examines peer-reviewed literature to identify dominant analytical patterns, ideological tendencies, and methodological convergences in the analysis of student-related digital discourse. Rather than analyzing primary social media data, this research applies CDA as a meta-analytical framework to synthesize how power relations, identity construction, and social practices are discursively framed in existing studies. The findings reveal a consistent reconceptualization of students as active discursive agents whose online comments function as sites of ideological negotiation shaped by institutional, cultural, and technological forces. Recurrent ideological formations, including normalization of authority, resistance discourse, moral regulation, and identity positioning, are observed across diverse platforms and contexts. Methodologically, the literature demonstrates strong convergence around CDA principles, while simultaneously indicating limitations related to textual reductionism. This study contributes to digital discourse studies by offering an integrative theoretical mapping that clarifies how knowledge on students’ social media discourse is constructed and stabilized within contemporary CDA scholarship...
Critical Discourse Analysis, TikTok, Student Discourse, Power and Ideology, Social Media.
Copyright (c) 2026 Leony Sitorus, Intan Cezya Sijabat, Martha Patricia Purba, Partohap Saut Raja Sihombing (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Religious Character Education Management Based on Islamic Education: Qualitative Findings from Focus Group Discussions with Islamic Elementary School Stakeholders
This study investigates the management of religious character education based on Islamic Religious Education through qualitative evidence derived from stakeholder focus group discussions in an Islamic elementary school. Using an interpretive case study design, the research analyzes how strategic planning, program implementation, and evaluation are constructed and negotiated within the organizational processes of the school. The findings reveal that strategic planning is largely centralized and policy driven, limiting empirical needs analysis and meaningful stakeholder participation. Program implementation depends strongly on individual teacher commitment, while institutional coordination mechanisms remain underdeveloped, producing fragmented pedagogical practices across classrooms. Evaluation and control are dominated by administrative compliance indicators, with limited attention to measuring the internalization of religious values and to establishing a continuous improvement cycle. These patterns indicate that religious character education is sustained more by symbolic conformity than by organizational learning. The study contributes theoretically by positioning stakeholder interaction as the central analytical unit in character education management and contributes methodologically by demonstrating the value of cross-stakeholder focus group discussions in capturing deliberative processes within school governance.
religious character education, Islamic religious education, stakeholder management, school leadership, qualitative study.
Copyright (c) 2026 Suriansyah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Naturalizing Disaster in Media Discourse: A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Sibolga Landslide Coverage on Kompas TV
Disaster discourse in Indonesian media often emphasizes natural factors while marginalizing structural causes, thereby depoliticizing complex socio-environmental issues. This study investigates the discursive construction of the Sibolga landslide as represented in the Kompas TV news article "PVMBG Ungkap Penyebab Longsor di Sibolga: Lereng Curam dan Hujan Ekstrem" published on November 27, 2025. Adopting a descriptive qualitative design within a critical paradigm, the research employs Norman Fairclough's three-dimensional Critical Discourse Analysis framework, encompassing textual features, discursive practices, and socio-cultural contexts. The analysis reveals that the news discourse predominantly naturalizes the disaster by foregrounding geological and meteorological explanations provided by PVMBG, while systematically excluding perspectives from affected communities, independent researchers, and environmental advocates. Linguistic choices and narrative strategies legitimize scientific-institutional authority as the sole source of truth, while structural factors such as spatial planning violations, deforestation, and governance failures receive minimal or no attention. The study demonstrates how news media function not merely as information channels but as ideological spaces that reproduce dominant discourses on disaster, shifting responsibility from human actors and policies to uncontrollable natural forces. This research contributes to critical media and disaster studies by exposing how naturalization discourse reduces public demand for structural reforms and perpetuates vulnerability in disaster-prone communities in Indonesia.
Disaster Discourse, Naturalization, Critical Discourse Analysis, PVMBG, Kompas TV
Copyright (c) 2026 Dwi Angeli Pardede, Isabel Selmiola Sabrina, Bella Sonia Sianturi, Partohap Saut Raja Sihombing (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Representation of Gen Z Slang in Online News: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Kompas.Com
This study investigates the representation of Generation Z (Gen Z) slang in online news discourse by analyzing a Kompas.com article entitled “Bahasa Gaul Gen Z Kian Marak, Begini Kata Peneliti Bahasa” published on November 8, 2024. The research aims to reveal how Gen Z slang is constructed as a social phenomenon and how ideological meanings are embedded through media language. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method under a critical paradigm, using Norman Fairclough’s three-dimensional Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) framework: textual analysis (micro level), discursive practice (meso level), and socio-cultural practice (macro level). The findings show that the article frames Gen Z slang as an increasingly widespread trend through evaluative lexical choices such as “kian marak” and the inclusion of popular terms like FOMO, YOLO, JOMO, healing, and ghosting. At the discursive practice level, Kompas.com legitimizes the phenomenon by combining Gen Z voices with expert commentary, creating a hierarchy of authority in which academic interpretation becomes dominant. At the socio-cultural level, the discourse reflects broader contexts of digital culture, globalization, and generational identity, while also revealing an ideological tension between viewing slang as linguistic creativity and treating it as an influence-driven trend that may challenge standard language norms. Overall, the study confirms that online news media plays an active role in shaping public perceptions of youth language, constructing Gen Z slang not only as a linguistic variation but also as a cultural marker tied to identity and power relations in contemporary Indonesian society
Gen Z Slang, Representation, Online News, Critical Discourse Analysis, Kompas.com
Copyright (c) 2026 Gabriella Pardede, Heltri F Samongilailai, Ariel Jonivedi Silalahi, Partohap Saut Raja Sihombing (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
President Prabowo’s Education Policy in News Text: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Kompas.id
Education policy has become a prominent site of public discourse in Indonesia, particularly in relation to poverty reduction and social inequality. This study investigates the discursive construction of President Prabowo Subianto’s People’s Schools (Sekolah Rakyat) policy as represented in the Compas.id news article “Prabowo Inaugurates 166 People’s Schools. How is Their Education Managed?” published in January 2026. Adopting a descriptive qualitative design within a critical paradigm, the research employs Norman Fairclough’s three-dimensional Critical Discourse Analysis framework, encompassing textual features, discursive practices, and socio-cultural contexts. The analysis reveals that the news discourse predominantly represents the state as a moral and authoritative agent committed to social justice and national development, while framing People’s Schools as a humanitarian solution to structural poverty. Linguistic choices and narrative strategies tend to legitimize government authority and foreground benevolent intentions, whereas critical issues related to legal status and institutional integration within the National Education System receive limited emphasis. This research contributes to critical media and education policy studies by highlighting the role of news discourse in shaping public understanding of state-led educational reforms in Indonesia.
Critical Discourse Analysis, Education Policy, Kompas.id, News Discourse, People’s Schools..
Copyright (c) 2026 Miranda Kristin Lumban Tungkup, Marino Sihombing, Sarah Priscilla Silitonga, Partohap Saut Raja Sihombing (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Scope of Objectives and Implementation of Guidance and Counseling in Schools and Outside Schools
Guidance and counseling constitute a professional service with a broad scope of targets and implementation, extending beyond school settings to various contexts outside formal education. This study aims to examine the scope of targets and the implementation of guidance and counseling services both in schools and outside schools through a conceptual and literature-based analysis. In school settings, guidance and counseling services are directed toward students and systematically implemented through personal, social, academic, and career guidance integrated into the educational system. Outside schools, counseling services are carried out in family, community, social, and religious institutions, emphasizing flexible and context-sensitive approaches that respond to diverse individual needs. The findings indicate that effective implementation of guidance and counseling is strongly influenced by the professionalism of counselors, adequate management of services, and collaboration among stakeholders. The integration of school-based and community-based counseling services strengthens the role of guidance and counseling as a lifelong support system that promotes personal development, social adjustment, and psychological well-being. Therefore, comprehensive and adaptive counseling practices are essential to address the complex challenges faced by individuals in various life settings.
Guidance And Counseling, Scope Of Services, Counseling Implementation, School Counseling, Community Counseling.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rizkiya Aji, Anggun Mutia, Chika Abelia Navisa, Imas Purnamasari, Titin Sunarti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Changes in Infrastructure and Social Structure in Lubuklinggau during the Colonial Period (1934–1942)
The city of Lubuklinggau experienced various significant changes during the Dutch colonial administration, particularly in terms of infrastructure and social structure. The period between 1934 and 1942 marked a crucial phase that demonstrated a close interaction between colonial interests and local dynamics. This study aims to examine the transformation of infrastructure and changes in social structure that occurred in Lubuklinggau within the context of Dutch colonialism. This research employs a historical method with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were obtained through archival studies, official colonial documents, and relevant secondary literature, and were analyzed using an interpretative approach to reconstruct the social dynamics and infrastructure development of the time. The validity of the data was tested through source criticism techniques commonly used in historical research. The findings reveal that the construction of railway lines and supporting facilities encouraged the process of urbanization and increased social mobility among the people of Lubuklinggau. Furthermore, the emergence of new social classes as a result of colonial economic policies indicates a gradual shift in the social structure. This transformation reflects the colonial strategy to integrate the hinterland into the colonial politico-economic system. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of local history in the broader context of global colonial influence.
Colonial infrastructure, Dutch colonialism, Lubuklinggau, social structure, urban history.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sarkowi Sarkowi, Ira Miyarni Sustianingsih, Yadri Irwansyah, Abadi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Characteristics and Transformation of Guidance and Counseling Services in the Education System in the Era of Independent Learning
This study is motivated by the persistently high level of socio-economic vulnerability among impoverished congregations and the strategic importance of the church as a religious institution that functions not only spiritually but also socially in fostering community-based welfare. The research aims to explore the meaning of the church’s role from the perspective of economically disadvantaged congregants and to analyze the dynamics of social capital that contribute to the improvement of their well-being. The study was conducted at GPdI Ekklesia Prambon in Sidoarjo Regency using a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation, and were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that congregants perceive well-being in a multidimensional manner, encompassing physical, spiritual, social, and relational aspects. The church plays a significant role through participatory programs such as basic food assistance, educational support, prayer services, and social accompaniment. The dynamics of social capital are reflected in mutual trust, norms of solidarity, and strong social networks, which collectively foster social resilience and promote sustainable congregational well-being.
Church, Congregation Welfare, Participation, Poverty, Social Capital
Copyright (c) 2026 Glory Stephanie Rebbeca Mewengkang, Dewien Nabielah Agustin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The need for adaptive guidance and counseling services in response to changes in the educational paradigm in the Merdeka Belajar policy. Changes in student characteristics, the dynamics of educational policy, and demands for character building and independent learning place guidance and counseling services as a strategic element in the education system. This study aims to analyze the characteristics and transformation of guidance and counseling services in supporting the implementation of Merdeka Belajar. The research approach used is qualitative with a library research method through a critical review of relevant scientific journal articles and official national reports. The data were analyzed using content analysis techniques to identify patterns, themes, and trends in guidance and counseling service practices. The results of the study show that guidance and counseling services are characterized by a focus on student development, a preventive nature, and integration with the learning process. The transformation of services is marked by a paradigm shift towards flexible, collaborative services and the strengthening of the professionalism of counselors and teachers, so that guidance and counseling play an important role in realizing education that is student-centered in the era of Merdeka Belajar.
Characteristics, Class Teacher, Guidance and Counseling, Merdeka Belajar Era, Professionalism.
Copyright (c) 2026 Intan Nurmaliya, Titin Sunarti, Fifi Hariyani, Niswah Ziyan Ahlia, Nurwahyuwana Nurwahyuwana (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
General Patterns of Classroom-Based Developmental Guidance and Counseling for PGSD Students
Classroom-based developmental guidance and counseling has emerged as a strategic approach in elementary education, as students’ developmental support needs to be integrally embedded within daily instructional practices. Classroom teachers play a central role as facilitators of students’ academic, social, and emotional development; however, preservice elementary school teachers (PGSD students) often encounter limitations in their conceptual understanding and contextual application of guidance and counseling practices. This study aims to formulate a conceptual, integrative, and contextually relevant model of classroom-based developmental guidance and counseling to strengthen the professional competencies of PGSD students. The study employs a systematic comparative literature review with a qualitative-descriptive approach. Data were collected through a comprehensive review of scholarly literature retrieved from Google Scholar, ERIC, and SINTA databases, selected based on inclusion criteria encompassing the last ten years of publication, substantive relevance, and source credibility. Data analysis was conducted using thematic and comparative techniques to synthesize key concepts, principles, and models of developmental guidance and counseling. The findings indicate that a structured and preventive classroom-based developmental guidance and counseling model significantly enhances pedagogical competence, basic counseling skills, work readiness, and the development of professional and reflective dispositions among PGSD students in supporting the holistic development of learners.
Classroom Teachers, Elementary School, Guidance and Counseling, Integrative Model, Student Development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Resti Resti, Titi Sunarti, Zahra Fadla Amalia, Mutiara Citra Amalia, Faidah Faidah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Ideology in the Song “Where Is the Love?” by The Black Eyed Peas Based on van Dijk’s Theory
This study aims to analyze the ideology embedded in the song “Where Is the Love?” by The Black Eyed Peas using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) based on van Dijk’s socio-cognitive model. Discourse analysis is concerned with how language is used to construct meaning, ideology, and social realities. Song lyrics, as a form of written discourse, often function as a medium for expressing social criticism and ideological perspectives. Therefore, this study focuses on revealing how ideological meanings are represented in the song lyrics. This research employs a qualitative research design with document analysis as the data collection technique. The data consist of selected lyric lines from the song “Where Is the Love?” that reflect social issues. The data are analyzed using van Dijk’s three analytical dimensions: textual structure, social cognition, and social context. The findings reveal that the song conveys strong ideological messages related to humanitarian values, peace, equality, and social justice. The lyrics criticize violence, racism, discrimination, and political hypocrisy, encouraging listeners to reflect critically on global social problems. The study concludes that song lyrics can function as powerful social discourse that shapes social awareness and ideology. This research contributes to discourse analysis studies by demonstrating the applicability of van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis framework to song lyrics as a form of social and ideological expression.
Copyright (c) 2026 Juliana Tifani, Tiodor Sihotang, Sry Tama Butar Butar, Partohap Saut Raja Sihombing (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysis of Elementary School Students' Readiness to Learn Based on Learning Facilities at Home Using the Naive Bayes Data Mining Method
Learning readiness of elementary school students is an important factor in supporting the effectiveness of the learning process. One aspect that influences learning readiness is the availability of learning facilities at home, such as a study space, textbooks, stationery, and supporting learning media. This study aims to analyze the learning readiness of elementary school students based on home learning facilities using the Naive Bayes data mining method. The research data were collected through questionnaires distributed to students and their parents and then processed through preprocessing stages to ensure data quality. The Naive Bayes algorithm was applied to classify students’ learning readiness into ready and not ready categories based on the available home learning facilities. The results indicate that home learning facilities have an influence on students’ learning readiness, and the Naive Bayes algorithm is able to provide accurate classification results. This study is expected to serve as a reference for parents and schools in improving students’ learning readiness through the provision of adequate learning facilities at home.
Data Mining, Elementary School, Home Learning Facilities, learning Readiness, Naive Bayes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mesi Ana Ritonga, Sri Rahmayani parinduri, Andriansyah harahap, Muhammad Fikri Haikal (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysis of Interactive Digital Media Needs Based on Contextual Teaching and Learning: Story Text Learning in Elementary Schools
This study aims to analyze the need for interactive digital media based on the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model in narrative text learning at the elementary school level. The research employed a qualitative approach using a case study design to obtain an in-depth understanding of students’ and teachers’ learning needs. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, and documentation involving fourth-grade teachers and students at SDN 3 Puyoh. The findings indicate that students show a strong preference for learning activities that involve observation, discussion, and reflection, with full agreement on the importance of contextual and interactive learning experiences. These activities align with the core principles of CTL, which emphasize active engagement, real-life connections, and collaborative learning. The integration of interactive digital media was found to enhance students’ understanding of narrative elements, increase learning motivation, and reduce learning boredom. This study concludes that interactive digital media based on CTL is not merely an alternative instructional tool, but a pedagogical necessity to support meaningful, relevant, and student-centered narrative text learning in elementary schools.
Interactive Digital Media, Contextual Teaching and Learning, Story Texts, Elementary School, Student.
Copyright (c) 2026 Moh Zulfan Sauqi, Adhitya Yusron Fahmi, Adam Sidqi, Osama Ahmad, Rani Setiawaty (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Students' Perceptions of Islamic Religious Education Values: Implications for Moral and Spiritual Development at SMAN 8 Balikpapan
This study aims to analyze students’ perceptions of Islamic Religious Education values and their implications for moral and spiritual development at SMAN 8 Balikpapan. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach to explore students’ understanding, experiences, and interpretations of Islamic values within the school environment. The subjects were eleventh-grade students selected through purposive sampling, while data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The findings reveal that most students hold positive perceptions of Islamic Religious Education, viewing it not merely as a formal subject but as a moral guideline shaping attitudes and daily behavior. Students demonstrate adequate conceptual understanding of faith, worship, morality, and social values. However, the study also identifies a gap between understanding and consistent practice, indicating that these values are often comprehended normatively but not fully internalized. This condition suggests that positive perception alone is insufficient to ensure sustainable moral and spiritual behavior. Strengthening value internalization requires continuous habituation, exemplary conduct from educators, and a supportive school culture to reinforce the practical application of Islamic Religious Education values.
Student Perception, Islamic Religious Education, Moral Development, Spiritual Development, Senior High School.
Copyright (c) 2026 Adil Sariman, Mujibur Rohman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Effect of Learning Motivation on Al-Qur'an Reading and Writing Learning Outcomes: Analysis of Students at Al-Hassan Junior High School in Balikpapan
This study aims to determine the influence of learning motivation on the learning outcomes of Qur’an Reading and Writing (BTQ) among students at SMP Al-Hassan Balikpapan. The research employed a quantitative method with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 31 students from grades VII, VIII, and IX. The research instruments were tested for validity and reliability, showing that all items were declared valid and reliable. A normality test indicated that the data were normally distributed, allowing for the use of parametric statistical analysis. The results of the simple linear regression analysis showed that the t-count value of 2.065 was greater than the t-table value of 2.045. However, the significance value (0.049) was slightly above the critical threshold of 0.05, indicating that the effect of learning motivation on BTQ learning outcomes is weak or not strongly significant. The R Square value of 0.136 indicates that learning motivation contributes only 13.6% to BTQ learning outcomes, while the remaining 86.4% is influenced by other factors. It can be concluded that learning motivation has an effect on BTQ learning outcomes, but the influence remains relatively low.
Learning Motivation, BTQ Learning, Student Learning Achievement, Islamic Education. Al-Hassan Junior High School, Balikpapan.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ghoitsur rijal (Author); Iskandar Yusuf (Translator) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0