Journal of Health, Medical, and Psychological Studies
Sanitas: Journal of Health, Medical, and Psychological Studies is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by CV Scripta Intelektual Mandiri, issued three times a year (April, August, and December). The journal publishes research articles and scholarly papers in the fields of health, medicine, pharmacy, and psychology, in both English and Indonesian. It operates under an open-access model with a CC BY-SA 4.0 license and charges no article processing fees (free APC).
The Relationship Between Patient Satisfaction and Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Patients
Chronic Kidney Disease patients undergoing hemodialysis experience various physical, psychological, and social challenges that may affect their quality of life. Patient satisfaction with health services is considered an important factor that may influence treatment outcomes and well-being. This study aimed to determine the relationship between patient satisfaction and quality of life in hemodialysis patients. This study used a quantitative descriptive correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 163 hemodialysis patients at RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping, with a sample of 127 respondents selected using purposive sampling based on the Slovin formula. Data were collected using a patient satisfaction questionnaire and the Kidney Disease Quality of Life–Short Form 36 (KDQOL-SF 36). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that all respondents reported being satisfied (100%). In conclusion, although satisfaction was high, no significant relationship was found with quality of life.
Chronic Kidney Disease, Hemodialysis, Nursing Care, Patient Satisfaction, Quality of Life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Reisha Anom Dwijokangko, Wantonoro Wantonoro, Diyah Candra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Progressive Muscle Relaxation for Lowering Blood Pressure in Patients with Hypertension
Hypertension is a non-communicable disease known as the silent killer because it is often asymptomatic but may lead to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, renal, and vascular complications. This study aimed to analyze the effect of progressive muscle relaxation therapy on blood pressure reduction among hypertensive patients in the Anggrek Ward of Prima Medika Hospital, Pemalang. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control group design was employed. A total of 66 participants were selected using purposive sampling and assigned to intervention and control groups. Data were collected using a digital sphygmomanometer, respondent characteristic forms, and observation sheets, then analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney tests. The intervention group demonstrated a significant reduction in blood pressure (p = 0.000), whereas no significant change was observed in the control group (p = 0.366). The Mann–Whitney test also indicated a significant difference between groups (p = 0.000). Progressive muscle relaxation is an effective complementary therapy for reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Blood Pressure, Complementary Therapy, Hypertension, Hypertensive Patients, Progressive Muscle Relaxation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alya Farah, Heny Siswanti, Tri Suwarto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Dynamics of Self-Confidence Among Prospective Police Academy Students Facing the Indonesian National Police (Polri) Admission Selection Process
The recruitment process for Indonesian National Police (Polri) candidates requires physical, academic, and psychological readiness, including self-confidence. This study aims to explore the dynamics of self-confidence among police candidate students in facing the Polri selection process. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. The participant was a police candidate who had participated in the selection process twice. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that the participant’s self-confidence developed dynamically through preparation, competition, failure experiences, and social support. Careful preparation served as the primary source of confidence, while competitive pressure generated doubt that encouraged further self-improvement. Failure was not interpreted as a setback but as a means of reflection and self-enhancement. In addition, family and environmental support played a crucial role in maintaining motivation and confidence. The study concludes that self-confidence among police candidates is shaped by the interaction between personal experience, social support, and meaning-making processes in facing challenges. These findings highlight the importance of psychological strengthening in Polri selection preparation.
Case Study, Police Candidate Students, Polri Selection, Self-Confidence, Self-Efficacy
Copyright (c) 2026 Hanifah Arien Faradilla, Ummi Nabila Azaria, Aldila Dyas Nurfitri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exercise Therapy for Hypertension to Lower High Blood Pressure in the Elderly at the Wonosalam II Community Health Center in Demak
Exercise therapy for hypertension to lower high blood pressure in the elderly consists of movements designed to improve blood flow and oxygen supply, particularly to increase oxygen delivery to the myocardium, thereby lowering blood pressure. This study employed a quantitative, quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-test and post-test without a control group; that is, there was no comparison (control) group. However, the researcher observed the sample before the hypertension exercise and then observed them again after the exercise. The sample consisted of 97 participants selected via total sampling; data were analyzed statistically using the Wilcoxon test. Before the hypertension exercise intervention, the average systolic blood pressure among the elderly was 163.97 mmHg and the diastolic blood pressure was 100.22 mmHg. The average systolic blood pressure after the intervention was 142.79 mmHg and the diastolic blood pressure was 91.41 mmHg. The Wilcoxon test yielded a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05) for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Thus, it can be statistically proven that hypertension exercise is effective as a non-pharmacological therapy for lowering blood pressure in the elderly.
Effectiveness, elderly, hypertension, blood pressure, exercise.
Copyright (c) 2026 Abrori Abrori, Vina Widaad (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Educational Program on Spinal Anesthesia Preparation Procedures Using a Pocket Guide to Improve Knowledge Among Cesarean Section Patients at Siaga Medika General Hospital in Purbalingga
Caesarean section is a surgical procedure that commonly uses spinal anesthesia as the method of analgesia. Limited patient knowledge regarding spinal anesthesia preparation can increase anxiety and reduce both physical and psychological readiness prior to surgery. This community service activity aimed to improve the knowledge of preoperative caesarean section patients through education using a pocketbook at RSU Siaga Medika Purbalingga. The method applied was direct education with a pre-test and post-test design involving 25 preoperative patients. The results showed a significant improvement in participants’ knowledge levels. The average score increased from 65.60 before education to 87.20 after education, with a difference of 21.60. Before the intervention, knowledge levels were categorized as good (16%), moderate (56%), and poor (28%). After the intervention, the proportion of good knowledge increased to 88% and moderate to 12%, with no participants remaining in the poor category. These findings indicate that pocketbook-based education is effective in enhancing patient knowledge. This simple, practical, and accessible medium supports better understanding and improves patient readiness before surgery, contributing to higher-quality preoperative care based on a patient-centered approach.
Spinal anesthesia, pocket guide, education, knowledge, cesarean section.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sutrisno Sutrisno, Tophan Heri Wibowo, Rahmaya Nova Handayani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Self-Concept and Psychological State as Predictors of Sexual Satisfaction in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Pulmonary tuberculosis not only causes chronic physical impairment but also affects patients’ psychological well-being, self-concept, and the quality of their intimate relationships, which in turn impacts sexual satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the relationship between self-concept and psychological well-being as predictors of sexual satisfaction among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at Prima Medika Hospital in Pemalang. The study employed a quantitative correlational approach with a cross-sectional design involving 53 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires on self-concept, psychological condition, and sexual satisfaction, all of which had been validated for validity and reliability. Data analysis utilized the Spearman’s rank correlation test via SPSS version 26. The results indicated a significant negative correlation between self-concept and sexual satisfaction with a correlation coefficient of -0.467 (p < 0.01), as well as a significant positive correlation between psychological condition and sexual satisfaction with a correlation coefficient of 0.507 (p < 0.01). These findings indicate that psychological distress, social stigma, and changes in self-perception contribute to a decline in the quality of sexual life among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. A biopsychosocial approach to healthcare is necessary to improve patients’ quality of life more comprehensively.
Self-Concept, Psychological Condition, Sexual Satisfaction, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Quality of Life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Naela Hidayati, Sukesih Sukesih, Sri Karyati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Benson Relaxation on Blood Sugar Levels in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in the Seroja Ward at Limpung Regional General Hospital
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to impaired insulin secretion and insulin resistance. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Benson relaxation on random blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Seroja Ward of Limpung Regional General Hospital. The method used was a quasi-experimental study with a one-group pretest–posttest design involving four respondents selected via purposive sampling. The Benson relaxation intervention was conducted for 15–20 minutes once daily over three consecutive days, accompanied by blood glucose measurements before and after the intervention using a glucometer. The results showed a decrease in blood glucose levels in all participants with individual variations in response, where the most stable decrease occurred in participants with better lifestyle control. Benson relaxation works by reducing stress and activating the parasympathetic nervous system, which contributes to increased insulin sensitivity. In conclusion, Benson relaxation is effective as a supportive nonpharmacological therapy in controlling blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Benson Relaxation, Diabetes Mellitus, Blood Glucose, Nonpharmacological, Hyperglycemia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Desfiyanti Dewi Anggraeni, Arifianto Arifianto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Nursing Care for the Nervous System in Ms. Y with a Medical Diagnosis of Post-Craniotomy: ICH + Pneumonia in the ICU at Royal Prima Hospital, Medan
This study aims to describe the implementation of neurological nursing care for patient Mrs. Y, who was diagnosed with post-craniotomy: intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) complicated by pneumonia, in the ICU at Royal Prima Hospital in Medan in 2026. The research method used an empirical approach with a descriptive case study design through clinical observation, physical examination, family interviews, and documentation of the patient’s medical records during the intensive care period. The assessment results indicated that the patient experienced decreased consciousness, impaired oxygenation, increased secretion production, hyperthermia, and hemodynamic instability, leading to the nursing diagnoses of ineffective airway clearance, ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion, and hyperthermia. Nursing interventions were implemented through neurological monitoring, head-up positioning, suctioning, oxygen therapy, infection prevention, and gradual passive mobilization. Evaluation showed an increase in the Glasgow Coma Scale score, improved oxygen saturation, a decrease in body temperature, and reduced respiratory secretion production. Systematic and collaborative nursing care contributed to the stabilization of the patient’s neurological and respiratory conditions during ICU care.
Nursing Care, Craniotomy, Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Pneumonia, ICU.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yantriani Talunohi, Sami E. Tamba, Sofia A. Simanullang, Lidya Afriani Br Berutu, Giofanny Zega, Afeus Halawa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of the Left Lateral Recumbent Position on Postoperative Blood Pressure in Patients Following Spinal Anesthesia
Post-spinal hypotension in patients recovering from cesarean section remains a common hemodynamic problem during the early recovery phase because sympathetic nerve blockade can reduce systemic vascular resistance and venous return to the heart. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the left lateral recumbent position in improving blood pressure following spinal anesthesia in postoperative patients at RSI PKU Muhammadiyah Pekajangan. The study employed a descriptive-analytical design using a pre-test and post-test case study approach involving five post-cesarean section patients experiencing postoperative hypotension. Data collection was conducted by measuring blood pressure before and after the left lateral recumbent position intervention for 10–15 minutes using a calibrated digital blood pressure monitor. The results showed an increase in systolic blood pressure of 15–20 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of 10–12 mmHg in all participants, accompanied by improvement in clinical complaints such as dizziness and weakness. The left lateral recumbent position was proven to help improve hemodynamic stability through enhanced venous return and cardiac output, thereby potentially serving as a safe, simple, and effective nonpharmacological nursing intervention in the management of post-spinal anesthesia recovery.
Left Lateral Recumbent Position, Blood Pressure, Spinal Anesthesia, Cesarean Section, Hemodynamics.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Rohmah, Wijanarko Heru Pramono (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Lavender Aromatherapy on Sleep Quality Among the Elderly at the Harapan Ibu Ngaliyan Nursing Home in Semarang
Sleep disturbances in the elderly are a health issue associated with physiological and psychological changes, as well as degenerative diseases, which lead to a decline in quality of life. This study aims to analyze the effects of lavender aromatherapy on sleep quality among the elderly at the Panti Harapan Ibu Ngaliyan nursing home in Semarang. The study employed a quantitative approach using a descriptive case study design involving five elderly individuals experiencing sleep disturbances. Data collection was conducted using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) through observation and interviews before and after the intervention. Lavender aromatherapy was administered for seven consecutive days via inhalation using five drops of lavender on a cotton pad for fifteen minutes before bedtime. The results showed a decrease in PSQI scores among all participants, shifting from the “poor” category to “fair” and “good.” Changes in sleep quality were marked by a reduction in sleep latency, a decrease in the frequency of nighttime awakenings, and an increase in feelings of comfort and refreshment upon waking. Lavender aromatherapy proved effective as a non-pharmacological intervention in improving the sleep quality of the elderly both physiologically and psychologically.
Lavender Aromatherapy, Sleep Quality, Elderly, Non-Pharmacological Intervention, PSQI.
Copyright (c) 2026 Helsy Kusumaningrum, Menik Kustriyani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Gema Jentik Cilik Program as an Educational and Empowerment Strategy for Dengue Fever Prevention Among Elementary School Children
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a major public health concern in Indonesia, particularly among school-aged children who are vulnerable to environmental transmission factors and limited preventive behavior. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the “GEMA JENTIK CILIK” program as an educational and empowerment-based intervention for improving dengue prevention behavior among elementary school students at SD Negeri Bendan Ngisor, Semarang, Indonesia. The study employed a descriptive approach with participatory health promotion activities involving 50 fourth-grade students selected through purposive sampling. Interventions included health education, interactive games, visual educational media, mosquito puppet simulations, larva patrol activities, and the establishment of student larva-monitoring cadres. Data were collected through observation, documentation, and pre-test and post-test questionnaires assessing knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behavior related to 3M Plus practices. The findings demonstrated increased knowledge, attitudes, and participatory preventive behavior after intervention, reflected by the increase in good behavior categories from 36% to 70%.
Dengue Prevention, Participatory Health Promotion, Elementary School Students, 3M Plus, Behavioral Empowerment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dina Gitta Qurratu Aini, Ranggita Naysilla Tsabitha, Natasya Risky P, Anindya Devitasari, Suci Ramadhani D, Adinda Sekar Ayu Widayanti, Tania Faatin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Game-Based Eye Health Education in Improving the Knowledge of Students at Sampangan Public Elementary School No. 01
Visual impairment among elementary school children remains a growing public health concern associated with excessive gadget use, prolonged near-work activities, and limited awareness of eye health behaviors. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of game-based eye health education in improving students’ knowledge regarding eye health and prevention of visual impairment at SD Negeri 01 Sampangan. The study employed a pre-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design involving 24 students selected through total sampling. The intervention used educational games, including right-left games, picture guessing, eye health monopoly, and word-search activities. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using paired samples test. The findings showed a significant increase in students with good knowledge from 25.0% to 50.0%, while poor knowledge decreased from 45.8% to 12.5%. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores (p < 0.001). Snellen chart examination also supported early detection of visual impairment among students. Game-based eye health education was effective as an interactive and preventive school health promotion strategy.
Myopia, Visual Impairment, Health Promotion, Educational Games, Elementary School.
Kharisma Arda Nur Annisa Oktavianingtyas
Copyright (c) 2026 Salma Rif’atun Nisa, Devinna Putri Mariyanda, Depi Eni Hutauruk, Kharisma Arda Nur Annisa Oktavianingtyas, Fifi Amalia, Kirana Jeany Aldyana, Syaika Yunia Mustafida (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Nursing Care for Patients Post-Craniotomy Due to Intracranial Tumors with Range of Motion Interventions: A Case Study at the Intensive Care Unit of Royal Prima General Hospital, Medan, in 2026
Post-craniotomy patients with intracranial tumors commonly experience respiratory instability, impaired cerebral perfusion, decreased consciousness, and immobilization requiring intensive nursing care in the Intensive Care Unit. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of passive Range of Motion (ROM) intervention in improving respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and physiological responses in post-craniotomy patients. The study used a descriptive qualitative case study approach involving a 58-year-old male patient treated in the ICU of RSU Royal Prima Medan in March 2026. Data were obtained through clinical observation, respiratory assessment, vital sign monitoring, and medical record documentation using SDKI, SIKI, and SLKI standards. The findings indicated clinical improvement characterized by decreased respiratory rate, stable oxygen saturation, reduced ronchi and bloody sputum, lower restlessness, and improved activity tolerance. Passive ROM intervention contributed to physiological stabilization and prevention of immobilization-related complications during intensive care. These findings demonstrate that evidence-based nursing care supports neurocritical recovery and postoperative rehabilitation outcomes in post-craniotomy patients.
Passive ROM, Respiratory Rate, Oxygen Saturation, Post-Craniotomy, Intensive Care Unit.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurhayatika Sidabutar, Julia Fransisca Sinaga, Sarina Lahagu, Endah Juni Sastri Telaumbanua, Yosefhine Christine S. Sihombing, Kristina L Silalahi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of a Food Safety Awareness Intervention on Elementary School Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices: A Pre-Experimental Study at Gajahmungkur 01 Public Elementary School
Food safety among elementary school children remains a significant public health concern due to the increased risk of foodborne diseases caused by unhygienic food consumption and poor hygiene behavior. This study aimed to analyze the effect of a food safety awareness intervention on students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding food hygiene and clean healthy living behavior at SD Negeri Gajahmungkur 01 Semarang. The study employed a quantitative pre-experimental design using a one group pre-test post-test approach involving 81 students from grades IV, V, and VI selected through total sampling. The intervention consisted of food safety education, germ transmission simulations, safe snack identification, and handwashing demonstrations. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The findings demonstrated significant improvements across all variables after intervention (p<0.05). The highest increase occurred in grade IV students, particularly in attitudes and practices (53.6%). Interactive and practice-based educational methods contributed to behavioral adaptation and strengthened preventive hygiene habits among elementary school students.
Food Safety Awareness, Food Safety, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Farida Rahmawati, Zulfa Ida Eliza , Salwa Aldama Savika, Firsta Khanania Mayda , Firannisa Rafa Adinda I. , Ravenska Praditya Ramadhani P., Athaya Risqullah Qurratu Aini (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of the “CERDIK” Program in Improving Knowledge and Attitudes Toward the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Among Students at Ma’had Islam Junior High School in Semarang
Adolescent lifestyle changes characterized by excessive consumption of sugary foods and beverages combined with low physical activity have increased the risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at a younger age. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the CERDIK Program (Cegah Risiko Diabetes dengan Kendalikan Gula) in improving knowledge and preventive attitudes toward Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among students of SMP Ma’had Islam Semarang. The study employed a quantitative quasi-experimental design using a one-group pre-test–post-test approach involving 30 students selected through total sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with a significance level of 95% (α=0.05). The results demonstrated significant improvements in both knowledge and preventive attitudes after the intervention. The median knowledge score increased from 70 to 90, while the median attitude score improved from 75 to 83.75, with p-value <0.001. The CERDIK Program proved effective in promoting preventive behavior and strengthening adolescent health literacy regarding Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus prevention in school settings.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Adolescents, CERDIK Program, Health Education, Preventive Attitude.
Copyright (c) 2026 Meylina Novita Sari, Fidya Nur Fajrina, Gitta Dhiana Saputri, Niken Mashitoh, Adinda Wisha Maharani, Aura Delillah, Najwa Aulia Rahma Larsana Putri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Nursing Care for Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Study of Respiratory Disorders at Royal Prima General Hospital in Medan
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which primarily affects the lungs. The bacteria can also affect other organs, such as the lymph nodes, skin, digestive tract, meninges, and others. Tuberculosis is transmitted through the air. Most people who are infected do not show symptoms, as the bacteria can remain dormant in the body and become active when the immune system is compromised. The primary symptoms of pulmonary TB are a persistent cough and the production of sputum. The objective of this study is to determine the nursing care for pulmonary tuberculosis provided to Mr. R at Royal Prima Hospital in Medan. This nursing care study employs a descriptive case study research method. This is a study focused on a comprehensive, in-depth exploration of nursing care issues for a single individual, from assessment through evaluation. The assessment revealed complaints of coughing up blood for 2 days and a productive cough for 2 weeks, audible rales, weight loss, confusion, and a lack of knowledge regarding his condition. The nursing diagnoses identified were ineffective airway clearance, nutritional deficit, and knowledge deficit. The interventions implemented included airway management, bleeding prevention, nutritional management, and health education. The evaluation was conducted after the nursing interventions were implemented, resulting in the issues being fully resolved.
Nursing Care, Disorders, Patients, Respiratory System, Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Copyright (c) 2026 Yesa Meliana Marbun, Ramadhani Ramadhani, Yohana Notris Telaumbanua, Meiman Harapan Nduru, Robin Ferdiansyah Sitopu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Overview of Anxiety Levels Among Residents in Flood-Prone Areas in Sawahan Village, Klaten Regency
Flood disasters frequently affect communities in vulnerable areas and may cause psychological problems, particularly anxiety. Sawahan Village, Juwiring District, Klaten Regency, is one of the flood-prone areas that experiences recurrent flooding each rainy season. Objective: This study aimed to describe the level of anxiety among people living in flood-prone areas. This quantitative descriptive study was conducted among 97 respondents selected using purposive sampling from a population of 319 residents in RT 01 and RT 02 Dukuh Bulurejo, Sawahan Village. Data were collected using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) questionnaire and analyzed through univariate analysis. Most respondents experienced mild anxiety (60.8%), followed by moderate anxiety (22.7%), no anxiety (14.4%), and severe anxiety (2.1%). The majority of people living in flood-prone areas of Sawahan Village experienced mild anxiety, indicating the presence of psychological impacts caused by repeated flood disasters while showing relatively adaptive coping abilities within the community.
Community Anxiety, Flood Disaster, Disaster-Prone Areas, Mental Health Resilience, Disaster Mitigation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Devitya Febryani Anjari Putri, Eska Dwi Prajayanti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between “Life Goes On” and Resilience in Individuals Who Have Attempted Suicide
Suicide attempts are a complex mental health issue with long-term psychological implications, particularly regarding an individual’s ability to adaptively rebuild their life. This study aims to understand experiences of resilience among individuals who have attempted suicide. The method used is a qualitative approach with an interpretive phenomenological design, involving three participants selected through purposive sampling based on specific criteria. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and triangulation with supporting informants, then analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The results indicate that resilience is formed through a dynamic process encompassing phases of a crisis of meaning, reconstruction of self-identity, and the strengthening of protective factors such as social support, adaptive coping mechanisms, and life meaning. Furthermore, temporal factors play a crucial role in stabilizing participants’ psychological conditions. These findings affirm that resilience is a multidimensional process that develops gradually through the interaction between an individual’s subjective experiences and social context.
Meaning of Life, Adaptive Coping, Suicide Attempt, Resilience, Social Support.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sania Utami Putri, Mario Pratama (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Workload and Stress Levels Among Nurses at Kraton Regional General Hospital in Pekalongan Regency
Workload refers to a series of tasks that must be completed within a specific timeframe, involving both physical and mental abilities. An imbalance between job demands and an individual’s capacity can trigger work-related stress, particularly among nurses. This study aims to analyze the relationship between workload and stress levels among nurses at Kraton Regional General Hospital in Pekalongan Regency. The study employed a quantitative correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 58 inpatient nurses selected using total sampling according to inclusion criteria. The instruments used were the Nurse Workload Questionnaire and the Extended Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS). Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate methods with the Spearman Rank test. The results showed that the majority of respondents had a moderate workload (50%) and moderate stress levels (48.3%). Bivariate analysis revealed a positive and significant relationship between workload and nurses’ stress levels (r = 0.529; p < 0.05). These findings indicate that an increase in workload contributes to higher stress levels among nurses.
Workload, Nurses, Kraton Regional General Hospital, Work-related stress, Stress levels.
Copyright (c) 2026 Khusaeri Nanda Rosandi, Rahayu Winarti, Endang Supriyanti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) via an E-Booklet on Self-Efficacy Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at Kajen Pekalongan Regional General Hospital
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder with a steadily increasing prevalence at both global and national levels. This condition poses a high risk of severe complications, including cardiovascular disease, renal failure, and neuropathy. Effective management of DM requires active patient participation through Diabetes Self-Management (DSM), which is strongly influenced by self-efficacy. However, many patients still exhibit low self-efficacy, highlighting the need for educational interventions such as Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME), including those delivered through digital media like e-booklets. This study aims to examine the effect of DSME delivered via e-booklets on the self-efficacy of DM patients at RSUD Kajen Pekalongan. The study employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design without a control group. The population consisted of hospitalized DM patients, with an average of 92 patients per month, and a sample of 92 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale questionnaire and analyzed through frequency distribution and the Wilcoxon test. The results indicate that 90% of respondents had low self-efficacy prior to the intervention, which increased to 66.9% in the moderate category following the intervention. Statistical analysis revealed a significant effect (p = 0.000), confirming that e-booklet-based DSME effectively enhances self-efficacy among patients with DM.
Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Self-Management Education, E-Booklet, Self-Efficacy, Wilcoxon Test.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lia Leonita, Emilia Puspitasari , Rahayu Winarti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Nurse Education on Parental Involvement and Children’s Anxiety Levels During IV Insertion in the Emergency Department of Kajen Regional General Hospital
Intravenous (IV) insertion is an invasive medical procedure that frequently induces pain, fear, and anxiety in children. Parental presence plays a crucial role in providing emotional support and comfort. Nursing education is considered an effective strategy to enhance parents’ understanding and involvement, thereby helping to reduce children’s anxiety during medical procedures. This study aimed to examine the effect of nursing education on parental roles and children’s anxiety levels during IV insertion in the Emergency Department of RSUD Kajen. This study employed a quasi-experimental design using a posttest-only control group approach. The sample consisted of 46 pediatric patients and their parents, selected through accidental sampling. The intervention involved a single five-minute nursing education session. Research instruments included a structured educational plan (SAP), a parental role questionnaire, and the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale (PARS). Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test. The results revealed that the majority of parents in the intervention group demonstrated good roles (91.3%), while those in the control group were predominantly in the moderate category (69.6%). Children in the intervention group mostly experienced mild anxiety (69.6%), whereas moderate anxiety was more common in the control group (52.2%). There was a statistically significant effect of nursing education on both parental roles and children’s anxiety levels (p-value = 0.001). Nursing education is therefore effective in improving parental involvement and reducing children’s anxiety during IV insertion.
Anxiety, IV Insertion, Nurse Education, Parental Role, Pediatric Patients.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ainia Dian Murniyanti, Heny Prasetyorini (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Knowledge of Diabetes and Fast Food Consumption: An Observational Study on the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Eleventh-Grade Students at Sultan Agung 1 Islamic High School in Semarang
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is increasingly observed among adolescents, driven by unhealthy dietary behaviors and lifestyle transitions. This study aimed to examine the relationship between diabetes knowledge and fast food consumption behavior as a risk factor for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among eleventh-grade students at SMA Islam Sultan Agung 1 Semarang. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 94 respondents selected through total sampling based on inclusion criteria. Data were collected using the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ) and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and analyzed using Spearman correlation with a significance level of p<0.05. The findings indicate that a considerable proportion of respondents exhibited low knowledge levels and frequent fast food consumption patterns. Statistical analysis revealed a significant but weak positive correlation between knowledge and consumption behavior. These results suggest that knowledge alone is insufficient to shape healthy dietary practices, as external determinants such as environment, accessibility, and social influences also play substantial roles. Comprehensive interventions integrating education, behavioral strategies, and environmental modifications are required to effectively reduce metabolic disease risk among adolescents.
Diabetes Knowledge, Fast Food Consumption, Adolescents, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Dietary Behavior.
Copyright (c) 2026 Raissha Anandita, Nur Anna Chalimah Sadyah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Knowledge of Diabetes and Consumption of Sugary Beverages: An Observational Study on the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Eleventh-Grade Students at Sultan Agung 1 Islamic High School in Semarang
This study investigates the association between diabetes knowledge and sweetened beverage consumption behavior among adolescents as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. A cross-sectional analytical observational design was employed involving 94 eleventh-grade students selected through stratified random sampling from a senior high school in Semarang, Indonesia. Data were collected using the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24) and a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), followed by univariate and chi-square analyses. The findings indicate that a substantial proportion of respondents demonstrated low levels of diabetes-related knowledge, while the majority reported infrequent consumption of sweetened beverages. Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between knowledge level and consumption behavior (p = 0.016), suggesting that cognitive factors contribute to shaping dietary patterns among adolescents. However, the observed behavioral patterns also reflect the influence of contextual determinants beyond knowledge, including environmental exposure, family practices, and lifestyle norms. These findings highlight that improving knowledge alone may not be sufficient to modify health behavior. Comprehensive preventive strategies integrating educational interventions and supportive environmental structures are essential to effectively reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adolescent populations.
Diabetes Mellitus, Knowledge Level, Sweetened Beverages, Adolescent Behavior, Health Risk.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zahra Nabila Arum Mathilda, Nur Anna Chalimah Sadyah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Evaluation of the Use of the Hospital Management Information System Using the TAM Method at Ir. Soekarno Regional General Hospital, Sukoharjo Regency
This study aims to evaluate the use of Hospital Management Information Systems (SIMRS) at RSUD Ir. Soekarno Sukoharjo using the Technology Acceptance Model framework. A quantitative descriptive approach with a cross-sectional design was employed, involving 54 respondents selected through total sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires based on key TAM constructs, including perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude toward using, behavioral intention to use, and actual usage. The findings indicate that users generally perceive SIMRS as easy to use and beneficial in supporting healthcare service processes. These perceptions significantly contribute to the formation of positive user attitudes and strengthen behavioral intentions to continuously use the system. Furthermore, actual usage is reflected in consistent and routine system utilization in daily operational activities. However, some limitations remain, particularly related to the optimization of advanced features and system efficiency. The study highlights that successful implementation of SIMRS depends not only on user acceptance but also on continuous system improvement and user capacity development. Strengthening training programs and enhancing technical performance are essential to maximize system effectiveness and improve the overall quality of healthcare services.
SIMRS, Technology Acceptance Model, User Acceptance, Healthcare Information System, System Utilization.
Copyright (c) 2026 Herlinda Kartika Maharani, I Putu Juni Andika, Tunjung Sri Yuliati, Yovita Prabawati Tirta Dharma (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Guided Imagery Therapy in Reducing Acute Pain in Postoperative Patients with Left Breast Cancer: A Case Study
Acute postoperative pain in patients with left breast carcinoma is a clinical problem that requires a comprehensive approach. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of guided imagery therapy in reducing pain intensity in post-mastectomy patients. The method used was an empirical descriptive case study of a 50-year-old female patient undergoing treatment in the surgical ward of a referral hospital. Guided imagery interventions were administered for 10–15 minutes per session, once daily for three days, and conducted two hours after ketorolac administration. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and medical record documentation using the NRS scale, PQRST, and vital sign monitoring. Results showed a decrease in pain scores from 7 to 3, accompanied by improvements in blood pressure and pulse rate. The effectiveness of the therapy was influenced by the combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Guided imagery played a role in enhancing relaxation and reducing the patients’ stress response. However, the limitations of the case study design restrict the generalizability of the results. Further research is needed for additional validation.
Breast Cancer, Acute Pain, Guided Imagery, Postoperative, Nursing
Copyright (c) 2026 Fitria Awaliyah, Rosiana Nur Imallah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Anxiety Levels and Sleep Quality in Cancer Patients at Columbia Asia Semarang General Hospital
This study aimed to examine the relationship between anxiety levels and sleep quality among cancer patients in a clinical setting. A quantitative empirical approach with a cross-sectional design was employed, involving 35 respondents selected through consecutive sampling. Anxiety was measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), while sleep quality was assessed using the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). The findings revealed that most patients experienced moderate to severe anxiety and mild to moderate insomnia. Bivariate analysis using Spearman Rank correlation demonstrated a very strong and statistically significant positive relationship between anxiety levels and sleep quality (ρ = 0.937; p < 0.05). Higher anxiety levels were consistently associated with poorer sleep quality. This relationship can be explained through biopsychosocial mechanisms, including sympathetic nervous system activation and stress-related hormonal changes that disrupt sleep regulation. These findings highlight the importance of integrating psychological assessment and sleep evaluation into routine cancer care. Comprehensive interventions, including psychosocial support, patient education, and relaxation techniques, are recommended to improve overall patient well-being and clinical outcomes.
Anxiety, Sleep Quality, Cancer Patients, Insomnia, Correlation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yushita Septiana, Dwi Retnaningsih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Nurses’ Knowledge of Patient Safety and Compliance with the 7 Rights of Medication Administration in the Inpatient Ward of Columbia Asia Semarang Surgical Hospital
This study examines the relationship between nurses’ knowledge of patient safety and their compliance with the seven rights principle of medication administration in an inpatient setting at a specialized surgical hospital in Semarang. A quantitative empirical approach with a cross-sectional correlational design was employed, involving 54 nurses selected through total sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and observational checklists, and analyzed using Spearman rank correlation. The findings indicate a statistically significant positive correlation with moderate strength, suggesting that higher levels of knowledge are associated with better compliance in medication practices. The results highlight that knowledge functions as a critical cognitive foundation influencing clinical behavior and adherence to safety protocols. However, variations in compliance suggest the involvement of additional factors such as workload, organizational support, and patient safety culture. These findings emphasize the need for integrated strategies combining continuous education, clinical supervision, and system-level interventions to enhance patient safety outcomes. Strengthening institutional policies and fostering a safety-oriented environment are essential to reduce medication errors and improve healthcare quality.
Patient Safety, Nurse Knowledge, Medication Administration, Compliance, Hospital Care.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kusriyati Kusriyati, Rahayu Winarti P (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Spousal Support and Adherence to Three-Month Contraceptive Injections: A Literature Review
This study aims to critically examine the relationship between husband’s support and compliance with three-month injectable contraceptive visits using a systematic literature review design. Data were derived from peer-reviewed national and international journals published over the past decade and selected through PRISMA procedures based on relevance, methodological rigor, and explicit reporting of both variables. The synthesis indicates that husband’s support functions as a multidimensional construct comprising emotional, informational, instrumental, and decisional elements that shape adherence behavior. Evidence suggests that such support not only reinforces women’s motivation but also interacts with socio-cultural environments and health system structures influencing continuity of contraceptive use. Differences across studies reveal that effectiveness is mediated by communication quality, gender norms, and service accessibility. Strengthening male engagement through integrated reproductive health strategies is therefore essential to improve continuity of care and optimize family planning program outcomes.
Husband Support, Contraceptive Compliance, Injectable Contraception, Family Planning, Reproductive Health.
Copyright (c) 2026 Cornelia Widyadhari Gita Paramesti, Is Susiloningtyas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Diazinon Pesticide Administration on Elevated SGPT (Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase) Levels in Male Mice
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of diazinon pesticide exposure on serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) levels in male mice as a biomarker of liver injury. A true experimental design with a posttest-only control group approach was implemented using 25 male mice (Mus musculus) randomly assigned into one control group and four treatment groups with graded diazinon doses. The exposure was administered orally for 10 consecutive days under controlled laboratory conditions. Blood samples were collected to measure SGPT levels using a kinetic spectrophotometric method. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc testing to determine intergroup differences. The findings demonstrated a significant elevation of SGPT levels in all treatment groups compared to the control (p < 0.05), indicating hepatocellular damage. Further analysis revealed significant differences between treatment groups, suggesting a dose-related toxic effect. These results confirm that diazinon exposure induces liver dysfunction and enzymatic alterations, emphasizing its hepatotoxic potential.
Diazinon, SGPT, Hepatotoxicity, Liver, Mus Musculus.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ryan Raditya (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Application of Al-Qur’an Recitation Therapy to Reduce Anxiety in Preoperative Patients at Aro General Hospital in Pekalongan
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of murottal Al-Qur’an therapy in reducing anxiety levels among preoperative patients at RSU Aro Pekalongan. A quantitative empirical design using a one group pretest–posttest approach was applied to assess intra-subject changes before and after intervention. The sample consisted of four respondents selected through purposive sampling based on specific inclusion criteria. Anxiety levels were measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), which has demonstrated high reliability in clinical assessment. The intervention involved listening to Surah Ar-Rahman for approximately 15 minutes prior to surgery. The findings indicated a consistent decrease in anxiety scores across all participants, with varying degrees of reduction reflecting individual responses to the therapy. These results suggest that murottal therapy provides both physiological and psychological benefits, contributing to improved emotional stability and relaxation. The study highlights the potential of integrating spiritual-based interventions into nursing practice as a complementary approach to enhance preoperative care and patient well-being.
Murottal Therapy, Anxiety, Preoperative Patients, Nursing Intervention, Spiritual Care
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Pratiwi, Maulidta Karunianingtyas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0