Journal of Health, Medical, and Psychological Studies
Sanitas: Journal of Health, Medical, and Psychological Studies is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by CV Scripta Intelektual Mandiri, issued three times a year (April, August, and December). The journal publishes research articles and scholarly papers in the fields of health, medicine, pharmacy, and psychology, in both English and Indonesian. It operates under an open-access model with a CC BY-SA 4.0 license and charges no article processing fees (free APC).
Psychological Stress in Early-Adult Women: A Case Study of Interpersonal Conflict Resulting from a Stepmother’s Interference
Interpersonal conflict within family relationships may contribute to psychological stress, particularly among young adult women experiencing challenges in identity development, autonomy, and emotional adjustment. This study aimed to describe the dynamics of psychological stress experienced by a young adult woman due to interpersonal conflict with her stepmother using a descriptive case study approach. The participant was a 21-year-old female who experienced emotional distress related to prolonged family conflict. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and psychological assessments using DASS-42, SSCT, Draw-A-Person, and BAUM tests. The findings revealed that the participant experienced very severe stress characterized by emotional distress, negative thoughts, mood changes, concentration difficulties, and withdrawal tendencies. The conflict was perceived as a major stressor that triggered maladaptive appraisal and dominant emotion-focused coping strategies. Cognitive restructuring and imagining new responses were identified as relevant interventions to improve emotion regulation and adaptive coping strategies.
Case Study, Emotion-Focused Coping, Interpersonal Conflict, Psychological Stress, Young Adult Woman.
Copyright (c) 2026 Annisa Alda Arrumdias, Tatik Meiyuntariningsih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Psikologi Pendidikan: Studi Kasus Konsentrasi Belajar Siswa di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Surabaya
Learning concentration is an important psychological aspect that determines students’ engagement and success in the learning process. This study aimed to analyze the dynamics of learning concentration difficulties among junior high school students through a case study approach within educational psychology services. The study employed a qualitative descriptive method involving five eighth-grade students from a junior high school in Surabaya selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through observations, interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), learning concentration questionnaires, and psychological assessment using the Intelligenz Struktur Test (IST). The findings revealed that concentration difficulties were influenced by the interaction of cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and learning environment factors. Mindfulness psychoeducation intervention demonstrated potential in improving students’ self-awareness and attention regulation. This study provides implications for the development of educational psychology services based on comprehensive assessment. The findings emphasize the importance of a multidimensional approach in understanding and addressing learning concentration problems among early adolescent students.
Educational Psychology, Junior High School Students, Learning Concentration, Mindfulness, Psychological Assessment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Asmalia Alnadi, Nindia Pratitis (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Application of a Combined Therapy of the “Butterfly Hug” and Mindfulness Meditation to Reduce Anxiety in Preoperative Appendicitis Patients at the Central Surgical Unit (IBS) of Surakarta Central General Hospital
Appendicitis is one of the leading causes of acute abdominal emergencies requiring prompt surgical intervention. The preoperative period frequently induces anxiety due to concerns about surgery, anesthesia, and postoperative outcomes, potentially affecting physiological stability and surgical readiness. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of combined butterfly hug therapy and mindfulness meditation on anxiety levels in preoperative appendicitis patients. An empirical case study was conducted involving one preoperative appendicitis patient at the Central Surgical Installation of Surakarta General Hospital. Data were collected through interviews, observation, medical record documentation, and anxiety assessment using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) before and after the intervention. The anxiety score decreased from 26 (severe anxiety) to 20 (moderate anxiety), accompanied by improvements in blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate, and subjective anxiety complaints. These findings suggest that the combination of butterfly hug therapy and mindfulness meditation may serve as a practical nonpharmacological nursing intervention to reduce preoperative anxiety in appendicitis patients.
Anxiety, Appendicitis, Butterfly Hug, Mindfulness Meditation, Preoperative.
Copyright (c) 2026 Finanda Handayani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Antibacterial Potential of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Leaf Extract and Honey: A Literature Review
Bacterial infections remain a major global health concern, particularly because antimicrobial resistance continues to compromise the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics and increase the demand for alternative therapeutic agents. Natural products, including cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) leaves and honey, have attracted increasing attention due to their diverse bioactive compounds with antibacterial properties. This study aimed to review recent evidence regarding the antibacterial potential of cucumber leaf extract and honey. A narrative literature review was conducted using publications indexed in Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and SpringerLink from 2021–2026. Articles meeting predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed descriptively and comparatively. The synthesis of ten eligible studies demonstrated that cucumber leaf extract exhibits antibacterial activity through phytochemicals, green-synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles, and endophytic microorganisms, whereas honey provides broad-spectrum antibacterial effects influenced by its botanical origin and physicochemical characteristics. Current evidence also suggests potential complementary mechanisms between both natural products, although direct combination studies remain limited. Further standardized in vivo investigations and clinical trials are required to validate their efficacy and safety for future therapeutic applications.
Antibacterial, Cucumis sativus L., Cucumber Leaf, Honey, Narrative Literature Review
Copyright (c) 2026 Ryan Agustin Purba, Soraya Rahmanisa, Gigih Setiawan, Evi Kurniawaty (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Burnout and Job Satisfaction Among Generation Z Administrative Staff at Panti Waluyo YAKKUM Hospital in Surakarta
Burnout among hospital administrative employees may reduce job satisfaction, particularly among Generation Z, whose work expectations and career preferences differ from those of previous generations. This study aimed to examine the relationship between burnout and job satisfaction among Generation Z administrative employees at Panti Waluyo YAKKUM Hospital, Surakarta. A quantitative study with an associative cross-sectional design was conducted involving 14 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using burnout and job satisfaction questionnaires and analyzed with Kendall’s Tau correlation test. The findings indicated that 78.6% of respondents experienced moderate burnout, while 78.6% reported being satisfied with their jobs. Correlation analysis using Kendall's Tau revealed a significant negative relationship between burnout and job satisfaction (Kendall's Tau coefficient = −0.704, p = 0.002), indicating that higher levels of burnout were associated with lower levels of job satisfaction. These findings highlight the importance of burnout prevention through workload management, organizational support, career development, compensation evaluation, and a supportive work environment to sustain employee job satisfaction and hospital service quality.
Administrative Staff, Burnout, Generation Z, Hospital, Job Satisfaction.
Copyright (c) 2026 Laudia Amareta Prodiesti, Anton Susanto, Hesty Latifa Noor (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Case Report on Ineffective Breathing Patterns in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis at the Emergency Department of Wates Regional General Hospital
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health challenge and frequently leads to ineffective breathing patterns due to impaired pulmonary ventilation. This case report aimed to describe the implementation of nursing care for a patient with pulmonary TB diagnosed with an ineffective breathing pattern in the Emergency Department of RSUD Wates. This study employed a descriptive observational case study design involving a 66-year-old male patient. Data were collected through interviews, direct observation, physical examination, and medical record review during the study period. The assessment revealed worsening dyspnea, a respiratory rate of 26 breaths/min, oxygen saturation of 94%, and an abnormal breathing pattern. Nursing interventions included respiratory status monitoring, semi-Fowler positioning, oxygen therapy via nasal cannula, and collaborative nebulizer administration. Evaluation after 8 hours of nursing care demonstrated a reduction in respiratory rate from 26 to 20 breaths/min, an increase in oxygen saturation from 94% to 98%, and decreased dyspnea. The nursing diagnosis of ineffective breathing pattern was partially resolved, indicating the need for continuous monitoring and ongoing nursing interventions to optimize the patient's respiratory function.
Emergency Nursing, Ineffective Breathing Pattern, Nursing Care, Oxygenation, Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aisyah Anzali, Efi Fibriyanti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Wearable Technology in Enhancing Physical Activity and Supporting Health Status Improvement: A Systematic Literature Review
Physical activity plays a crucial role in maintaining health and preventing non-communicable diseases; however, participation levels remain insufficient across different populations. The development of digital health technologies, particularly wearable devices such as fitness trackers and smartwatches, offers innovative solutions for monitoring and promoting physical activity. This study aimed to examine the role of wearable technology in enhancing physical activity and supporting health status improvement through a systematic literature review based on the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, and ProQuest for studies published between 2016 and 2026. Following duplicate removal, screening, and eligibility assessment using the PICO framework, 22 articles from 5,747 identified records were included in the final synthesis. The findings demonstrate that wearable technology enables objective monitoring of physical activity through indicators such as step count, activity intensity, duration, and heart rate. The reviewed studies reported improvements in physical activity awareness, motivation, self-monitoring, and health-related behaviors across children, adolescents, adults, and older adults. Wearable interventions combined with goal setting, personalized feedback, and behavioral support showed more consistent outcomes than device use alone. Wearable technology represents a promising strategy for promoting active lifestyles and improving population health outcomes.
Digital Health, Health Behavior, Health Promotion, Physical Activity, Wearable Technology.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rohman Daka (Author); Aprilia Rambe (Translator) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Clear Your Mind, Prepare Your Body for Sleep: The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Techniques on College Students’ Sleep Quality
This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the mindfulness technique in improving the sleep quality of university students experiencing sleep disturbances. The study employed a quantitative approach using a Randomized Pretest–Posttest Control Group Design. The participants consisted of 20 students from the Bukittinggi Branch Campus of Universitas Negeri Padang, randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group, with 10 participants in each group. Data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and analyzed with the Mann–Whitney U test using IBM SPSS. The normality test indicated that all data were normally distributed. The Mann–Whitney U analysis yielded an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) < 0.001, indicating a significant difference in sleep quality between the experimental and control groups after the intervention. These findings suggest that the mindfulness technique is effective in improving students' sleep quality and has the potential to serve as a non-pharmacological intervention for promoting psychological well-being in higher education settings.
Effectiveness, Mindfulness, PSQI, Sleep Quality, University Students.
Copyright (c) 2026 Shabilla Yovanda Lukman, Hanifah Salma Putri, Izmi Ayuning Dita, Izmi Ayuning Dita, Tuti Rahmi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Self-Control and Online Gaming Addiction Among Students at Campus V of Padang State University
Online game addiction is a behavioral disorder that is increasingly prevalent among university students and has the potential to impair academic performance, social functioning, and psychological well-being. This study aims to examine the relationship between self-control and online game addiction among students at Campus V of Universitas Negeri Padang. A quantitative approach with a correlational design was employed. The study involved 103 students selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using the Brief Self-Control Scale and the Game Addiction Scale, then analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test with IBM SPSS Statistics 23. The findings revealed a significant negative relationship between self-control and online game addiction (rs = –0.514; p < 0.001). These results indicate that higher levels of self-control are associated with lower levels of online game addiction among university students. This study highlights the importance of strengthening self-control as a preventive strategy to reduce the risk of online game addiction in higher education settings.
Correlation, Online Game Addiction, Self-Control, Universitas Negeri Padang, University Students.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Fahri Nasution, Siti Mardhiah, Diva shafira, Verlin Orva linnisa, Iqbal Rahman, Afifah Nur Hasanah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Audiovisual-Based Education and Tutorials on ARV in Promoting Adherence Among People Living with HIV at the Bandarharjo Community Health Center
Non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) remains a critical challenge that exacerbates treatment failure and viral resistance. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of audiovisual-based and instructional-structured tutorial education on medication adherence among PLWHA at the Bandarharjo Community Health Center. A quasi-experimental study with a two-group pretest-posttest design was conducted using a purposive sample of 26 active PLWHA undergoing ART. Data analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank and Mann-Whitney U tests revealed significant post-intervention improvements in both groups ($p = 0.000$). However, the comparative analysis of posttest outcomes showed no statistically significant difference between the two modalities ($p = 0.650 > 0.05$), indicating clinical equivalence. Conclusion: Both interventions exhibit equivalent efficacy in optimizing ART adherence, providing public health practitioners at primary care levels with operational flexibility based on resource availability.
Audiovisual, Tutorial, Antiretroviral, Adherence, PLWHA.
Copyright (c) 2026 Iq Balurrochman , Rahayu Winarti , Maulidta K.W (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Honey Extract Applied to Burns Has a Wound Healing Effect on Mid-Dermal Burns
This empirical study investigates the therapeutic efficacy of wild uncultivated honey extract compared to commercial farmed alternatives and conventional silver sulfadiazine therapy on mid dermal burn wound management. Utilizing a randomized post test control group design, uniform thermal lesions were precisely induced on the dorsal region of male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) to evaluate macroscopic planimetric progression, biochemical profiling, and histomorphometric tissue restoration over a fourteen day monitoring timeframe. The experimental data reveal that the primary group receiving wild uncultivated honey extract achieved a prominent wound area contraction of on day 14, significantly outperforming the conventional therapy. Biochemical profiling confirmed that the wild matrix possessed superior total phenolic content and exceptional antioxidant capacity, which successfully disrupted Staphylococcus aureus proliferation at a remarkably low minimum inhibitory concentration. Microscopic evaluations validated that this phytochemically rich intervention stimulated an optimal fibroblast density of cells per high power field and enhanced microvascular count. This integrated analysis demonstrates that wild honey extract effectively optimizes structural dermal repair mechanisms.
Burn Wound Healing, Wild Honey Extract, Epithelialization Velocity, Histomorphometric Assessment, Phytochemical Profiling
Copyright (c) 2026 Ika Syani Putri Lubis, Wahyu Indra Syohanda, Wahyu Indra Syohanda (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Rubber Ball Grip Therapy Increases Muscle Strength and Promotes Post-Stroke Recovery
Stroke remains a primary etiology of persistent neurological disability, often manifesting as severe upper extremity motor deficits that critically restrict autonomous functioning. This empirical case study evaluated the clinical efficacy of a structured, nonpharmacological rubber ball gripping intervention on upper limb muscle strength dynamics among five post nonhemorrhagic stroke patients within a community health center framework. Employing a longitudinal pretest posttest design, baseline motor capacities were rigorously quantified utilizing the validated Manual Muscle Testing scale before undergoing a five day regimen of systematic mechanical stimulation. Comprehensive comparative matrix analysis revealed a uniform trajectory of motor recovery across all participants, characterized by an upward scale shift ranging from one to two functional tiers. Physiologically, the repetitive tactile and mechanical resistance induced by ball squeezing facilitated neuromuscular pathways, enhanced motor unit recruitment, and stimulated cortical neuroplasticity within the cerebral penumbra. These definitive clinical outcomes substantiate the therapeutic utility of simplified isometric exercises as an accessible, cost effective modality to rebuild motor architecture and enhance long term functional independencee.
Cerebrovascular Accident, Muscle Strength, Neuroplasticity, Rehabilitation, Rubber Ball Grip Therapy.
Copyright (c) 2026 Iq Balurrochman, Menik Kustriyani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Patient Satisfaction and Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Patients
Chronic Kidney Disease patients undergoing hemodialysis experience various physical, psychological, and social challenges that may affect their quality of life. Patient satisfaction with health services is considered an important factor that may influence treatment outcomes and well-being. This study aimed to determine the relationship between patient satisfaction and quality of life in hemodialysis patients. This study used a quantitative descriptive correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 163 hemodialysis patients at RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping, with a sample of 127 respondents selected using purposive sampling based on the Slovin formula. Data were collected using a patient satisfaction questionnaire and the Kidney Disease Quality of Life–Short Form 36 (KDQOL-SF 36). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that all respondents reported being satisfied (100%). In conclusion, although satisfaction was high, no significant relationship was found with quality of life.
Chronic Kidney Disease, Hemodialysis, Nursing Care, Patient Satisfaction, Quality of Life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Reisha Anom Dwijokangko, Wantonoro Wantonoro, Diyah Candra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Progressive Muscle Relaxation for Lowering Blood Pressure in Patients with Hypertension
Hypertension is a non-communicable disease known as the silent killer because it is often asymptomatic but may lead to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, renal, and vascular complications. This study aimed to analyze the effect of progressive muscle relaxation therapy on blood pressure reduction among hypertensive patients in the Anggrek Ward of Prima Medika Hospital, Pemalang. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control group design was employed. A total of 66 participants were selected using purposive sampling and assigned to intervention and control groups. Data were collected using a digital sphygmomanometer, respondent characteristic forms, and observation sheets, then analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney tests. The intervention group demonstrated a significant reduction in blood pressure (p = 0.000), whereas no significant change was observed in the control group (p = 0.366). The Mann–Whitney test also indicated a significant difference between groups (p = 0.000). Progressive muscle relaxation is an effective complementary therapy for reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Blood Pressure, Complementary Therapy, Hypertension, Hypertensive Patients, Progressive Muscle Relaxation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alya Farah, Heny Siswanti, Tri Suwarto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Dynamics of Self-Confidence Among Prospective Police Academy Students Facing the Indonesian National Police (Polri) Admission Selection Process
The recruitment process for Indonesian National Police (Polri) candidates requires physical, academic, and psychological readiness, including self-confidence. This study aims to explore the dynamics of self-confidence among police candidate students in facing the Polri selection process. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. The participant was a police candidate who had participated in the selection process twice. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that the participant’s self-confidence developed dynamically through preparation, competition, failure experiences, and social support. Careful preparation served as the primary source of confidence, while competitive pressure generated doubt that encouraged further self-improvement. Failure was not interpreted as a setback but as a means of reflection and self-enhancement. In addition, family and environmental support played a crucial role in maintaining motivation and confidence. The study concludes that self-confidence among police candidates is shaped by the interaction between personal experience, social support, and meaning-making processes in facing challenges. These findings highlight the importance of psychological strengthening in Polri selection preparation.
Case Study, Police Candidate Students, Polri Selection, Self-Confidence, Self-Efficacy
Copyright (c) 2026 Hanifah Arien Faradilla, Ummi Nabila Azaria, Aldila Dyas Nurfitri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exercise Therapy for Hypertension to Lower High Blood Pressure in the Elderly at the Wonosalam II Community Health Center in Demak
Exercise therapy for hypertension to lower high blood pressure in the elderly consists of movements designed to improve blood flow and oxygen supply, particularly to increase oxygen delivery to the myocardium, thereby lowering blood pressure. This study employed a quantitative, quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-test and post-test without a control group; that is, there was no comparison (control) group. However, the researcher observed the sample before the hypertension exercise and then observed them again after the exercise. The sample consisted of 97 participants selected via total sampling; data were analyzed statistically using the Wilcoxon test. Before the hypertension exercise intervention, the average systolic blood pressure among the elderly was 163.97 mmHg and the diastolic blood pressure was 100.22 mmHg. The average systolic blood pressure after the intervention was 142.79 mmHg and the diastolic blood pressure was 91.41 mmHg. The Wilcoxon test yielded a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05) for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Thus, it can be statistically proven that hypertension exercise is effective as a non-pharmacological therapy for lowering blood pressure in the elderly.
Effectiveness, elderly, hypertension, blood pressure, exercise.
Copyright (c) 2026 Abrori Abrori, Vina Widaad (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Educational Program on Spinal Anesthesia Preparation Procedures Using a Pocket Guide to Improve Knowledge Among Cesarean Section Patients at Siaga Medika General Hospital in Purbalingga
Caesarean section is a surgical procedure that commonly uses spinal anesthesia as the method of analgesia. Limited patient knowledge regarding spinal anesthesia preparation can increase anxiety and reduce both physical and psychological readiness prior to surgery. This community service activity aimed to improve the knowledge of preoperative caesarean section patients through education using a pocketbook at RSU Siaga Medika Purbalingga. The method applied was direct education with a pre-test and post-test design involving 25 preoperative patients. The results showed a significant improvement in participants’ knowledge levels. The average score increased from 65.60 before education to 87.20 after education, with a difference of 21.60. Before the intervention, knowledge levels were categorized as good (16%), moderate (56%), and poor (28%). After the intervention, the proportion of good knowledge increased to 88% and moderate to 12%, with no participants remaining in the poor category. These findings indicate that pocketbook-based education is effective in enhancing patient knowledge. This simple, practical, and accessible medium supports better understanding and improves patient readiness before surgery, contributing to higher-quality preoperative care based on a patient-centered approach.
Spinal anesthesia, pocket guide, education, knowledge, cesarean section.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sutrisno Sutrisno, Tophan Heri Wibowo, Rahmaya Nova Handayani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Self-Concept and Psychological State as Predictors of Sexual Satisfaction in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Pulmonary tuberculosis not only causes chronic physical impairment but also affects patients’ psychological well-being, self-concept, and the quality of their intimate relationships, which in turn impacts sexual satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the relationship between self-concept and psychological well-being as predictors of sexual satisfaction among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at Prima Medika Hospital in Pemalang. The study employed a quantitative correlational approach with a cross-sectional design involving 53 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires on self-concept, psychological condition, and sexual satisfaction, all of which had been validated for validity and reliability. Data analysis utilized the Spearman’s rank correlation test via SPSS version 26. The results indicated a significant negative correlation between self-concept and sexual satisfaction with a correlation coefficient of -0.467 (p < 0.01), as well as a significant positive correlation between psychological condition and sexual satisfaction with a correlation coefficient of 0.507 (p < 0.01). These findings indicate that psychological distress, social stigma, and changes in self-perception contribute to a decline in the quality of sexual life among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. A biopsychosocial approach to healthcare is necessary to improve patients’ quality of life more comprehensively.
Self-Concept, Psychological Condition, Sexual Satisfaction, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Quality of Life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Naela Hidayati, Sukesih Sukesih, Sri Karyati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Benson Relaxation on Blood Sugar Levels in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in the Seroja Ward at Limpung Regional General Hospital
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to impaired insulin secretion and insulin resistance. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Benson relaxation on random blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Seroja Ward of Limpung Regional General Hospital. The method used was a quasi-experimental study with a one-group pretest–posttest design involving four respondents selected via purposive sampling. The Benson relaxation intervention was conducted for 15–20 minutes once daily over three consecutive days, accompanied by blood glucose measurements before and after the intervention using a glucometer. The results showed a decrease in blood glucose levels in all participants with individual variations in response, where the most stable decrease occurred in participants with better lifestyle control. Benson relaxation works by reducing stress and activating the parasympathetic nervous system, which contributes to increased insulin sensitivity. In conclusion, Benson relaxation is effective as a supportive nonpharmacological therapy in controlling blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Benson Relaxation, Diabetes Mellitus, Blood Glucose, Nonpharmacological, Hyperglycemia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Desfiyanti Dewi Anggraeni, Arifianto Arifianto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Nursing Care for the Nervous System in Ms. Y with a Medical Diagnosis of Post-Craniotomy: ICH + Pneumonia in the ICU at Royal Prima Hospital, Medan
This study aims to describe the implementation of neurological nursing care for patient Mrs. Y, who was diagnosed with post-craniotomy: intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) complicated by pneumonia, in the ICU at Royal Prima Hospital in Medan in 2026. The research method used an empirical approach with a descriptive case study design through clinical observation, physical examination, family interviews, and documentation of the patient’s medical records during the intensive care period. The assessment results indicated that the patient experienced decreased consciousness, impaired oxygenation, increased secretion production, hyperthermia, and hemodynamic instability, leading to the nursing diagnoses of ineffective airway clearance, ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion, and hyperthermia. Nursing interventions were implemented through neurological monitoring, head-up positioning, suctioning, oxygen therapy, infection prevention, and gradual passive mobilization. Evaluation showed an increase in the Glasgow Coma Scale score, improved oxygen saturation, a decrease in body temperature, and reduced respiratory secretion production. Systematic and collaborative nursing care contributed to the stabilization of the patient’s neurological and respiratory conditions during ICU care.
Nursing Care, Craniotomy, Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Pneumonia, ICU.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yantriani Talunohi, Sami E. Tamba, Sofia A. Simanullang, Lidya Afriani Br Berutu, Giofanny Zega, Afeus Halawa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of the Left Lateral Recumbent Position on Postoperative Blood Pressure in Patients Following Spinal Anesthesia
Post-spinal hypotension in patients recovering from cesarean section remains a common hemodynamic problem during the early recovery phase because sympathetic nerve blockade can reduce systemic vascular resistance and venous return to the heart. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the left lateral recumbent position in improving blood pressure following spinal anesthesia in postoperative patients at RSI PKU Muhammadiyah Pekajangan. The study employed a descriptive-analytical design using a pre-test and post-test case study approach involving five post-cesarean section patients experiencing postoperative hypotension. Data collection was conducted by measuring blood pressure before and after the left lateral recumbent position intervention for 10–15 minutes using a calibrated digital blood pressure monitor. The results showed an increase in systolic blood pressure of 15–20 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of 10–12 mmHg in all participants, accompanied by improvement in clinical complaints such as dizziness and weakness. The left lateral recumbent position was proven to help improve hemodynamic stability through enhanced venous return and cardiac output, thereby potentially serving as a safe, simple, and effective nonpharmacological nursing intervention in the management of post-spinal anesthesia recovery.
Left Lateral Recumbent Position, Blood Pressure, Spinal Anesthesia, Cesarean Section, Hemodynamics.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Rohmah, Wijanarko Heru Pramono (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Lavender Aromatherapy on Sleep Quality Among the Elderly at the Harapan Ibu Ngaliyan Nursing Home in Semarang
Sleep disturbances in the elderly are a health issue associated with physiological and psychological changes, as well as degenerative diseases, which lead to a decline in quality of life. This study aims to analyze the effects of lavender aromatherapy on sleep quality among the elderly at the Panti Harapan Ibu Ngaliyan nursing home in Semarang. The study employed a quantitative approach using a descriptive case study design involving five elderly individuals experiencing sleep disturbances. Data collection was conducted using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) through observation and interviews before and after the intervention. Lavender aromatherapy was administered for seven consecutive days via inhalation using five drops of lavender on a cotton pad for fifteen minutes before bedtime. The results showed a decrease in PSQI scores among all participants, shifting from the “poor” category to “fair” and “good.” Changes in sleep quality were marked by a reduction in sleep latency, a decrease in the frequency of nighttime awakenings, and an increase in feelings of comfort and refreshment upon waking. Lavender aromatherapy proved effective as a non-pharmacological intervention in improving the sleep quality of the elderly both physiologically and psychologically.
Lavender Aromatherapy, Sleep Quality, Elderly, Non-Pharmacological Intervention, PSQI.
Copyright (c) 2026 Helsy Kusumaningrum, Menik Kustriyani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Gema Jentik Cilik Program as an Educational and Empowerment Strategy for Dengue Fever Prevention Among Elementary School Children
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a major public health concern in Indonesia, particularly among school-aged children who are vulnerable to environmental transmission factors and limited preventive behavior. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the “GEMA JENTIK CILIK” program as an educational and empowerment-based intervention for improving dengue prevention behavior among elementary school students at SD Negeri Bendan Ngisor, Semarang, Indonesia. The study employed a descriptive approach with participatory health promotion activities involving 50 fourth-grade students selected through purposive sampling. Interventions included health education, interactive games, visual educational media, mosquito puppet simulations, larva patrol activities, and the establishment of student larva-monitoring cadres. Data were collected through observation, documentation, and pre-test and post-test questionnaires assessing knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behavior related to 3M Plus practices. The findings demonstrated increased knowledge, attitudes, and participatory preventive behavior after intervention, reflected by the increase in good behavior categories from 36% to 70%.
Dengue Prevention, Participatory Health Promotion, Elementary School Students, 3M Plus, Behavioral Empowerment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dina Gitta Qurratu Aini, Ranggita Naysilla Tsabitha, Natasya Risky P, Anindya Devitasari, Suci Ramadhani D, Adinda Sekar Ayu Widayanti, Tania Faatin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Game-Based Eye Health Education in Improving the Knowledge of Students at Sampangan Public Elementary School No. 01
Visual impairment among elementary school children remains a growing public health concern associated with excessive gadget use, prolonged near-work activities, and limited awareness of eye health behaviors. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of game-based eye health education in improving students’ knowledge regarding eye health and prevention of visual impairment at SD Negeri 01 Sampangan. The study employed a pre-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design involving 24 students selected through total sampling. The intervention used educational games, including right-left games, picture guessing, eye health monopoly, and word-search activities. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using paired samples test. The findings showed a significant increase in students with good knowledge from 25.0% to 50.0%, while poor knowledge decreased from 45.8% to 12.5%. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores (p < 0.001). Snellen chart examination also supported early detection of visual impairment among students. Game-based eye health education was effective as an interactive and preventive school health promotion strategy.
Myopia, Visual Impairment, Health Promotion, Educational Games, Elementary School.
Kharisma Arda Nur Annisa Oktavianingtyas
Copyright (c) 2026 Salma Rif’atun Nisa, Devinna Putri Mariyanda, Depi Eni Hutauruk, Kharisma Arda Nur Annisa Oktavianingtyas, Fifi Amalia, Kirana Jeany Aldyana, Syaika Yunia Mustafida (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Nursing Care for Patients Post-Craniotomy Due to Intracranial Tumors with Range of Motion Interventions: A Case Study at the Intensive Care Unit of Royal Prima General Hospital, Medan, in 2026
Post-craniotomy patients with intracranial tumors commonly experience respiratory instability, impaired cerebral perfusion, decreased consciousness, and immobilization requiring intensive nursing care in the Intensive Care Unit. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of passive Range of Motion (ROM) intervention in improving respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and physiological responses in post-craniotomy patients. The study used a descriptive qualitative case study approach involving a 58-year-old male patient treated in the ICU of RSU Royal Prima Medan in March 2026. Data were obtained through clinical observation, respiratory assessment, vital sign monitoring, and medical record documentation using SDKI, SIKI, and SLKI standards. The findings indicated clinical improvement characterized by decreased respiratory rate, stable oxygen saturation, reduced ronchi and bloody sputum, lower restlessness, and improved activity tolerance. Passive ROM intervention contributed to physiological stabilization and prevention of immobilization-related complications during intensive care. These findings demonstrate that evidence-based nursing care supports neurocritical recovery and postoperative rehabilitation outcomes in post-craniotomy patients.
Passive ROM, Respiratory Rate, Oxygen Saturation, Post-Craniotomy, Intensive Care Unit.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurhayatika Sidabutar, Julia Fransisca Sinaga, Sarina Lahagu, Endah Juni Sastri Telaumbanua, Yosefhine Christine S. Sihombing, Kristina L Silalahi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of a Food Safety Awareness Intervention on Elementary School Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices: A Pre-Experimental Study at Gajahmungkur 01 Public Elementary School
Food safety among elementary school children remains a significant public health concern due to the increased risk of foodborne diseases caused by unhygienic food consumption and poor hygiene behavior. This study aimed to analyze the effect of a food safety awareness intervention on students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding food hygiene and clean healthy living behavior at SD Negeri Gajahmungkur 01 Semarang. The study employed a quantitative pre-experimental design using a one group pre-test post-test approach involving 81 students from grades IV, V, and VI selected through total sampling. The intervention consisted of food safety education, germ transmission simulations, safe snack identification, and handwashing demonstrations. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The findings demonstrated significant improvements across all variables after intervention (p<0.05). The highest increase occurred in grade IV students, particularly in attitudes and practices (53.6%). Interactive and practice-based educational methods contributed to behavioral adaptation and strengthened preventive hygiene habits among elementary school students.
Food Safety Awareness, Food Safety, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Farida Rahmawati, Zulfa Ida Eliza , Salwa Aldama Savika, Firsta Khanania Mayda , Firannisa Rafa Adinda I. , Ravenska Praditya Ramadhani P., Athaya Risqullah Qurratu Aini (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of the “CERDIK” Program in Improving Knowledge and Attitudes Toward the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Among Students at Ma’had Islam Junior High School in Semarang
Adolescent lifestyle changes characterized by excessive consumption of sugary foods and beverages combined with low physical activity have increased the risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at a younger age. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the CERDIK Program (Cegah Risiko Diabetes dengan Kendalikan Gula) in improving knowledge and preventive attitudes toward Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among students of SMP Ma’had Islam Semarang. The study employed a quantitative quasi-experimental design using a one-group pre-test–post-test approach involving 30 students selected through total sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with a significance level of 95% (α=0.05). The results demonstrated significant improvements in both knowledge and preventive attitudes after the intervention. The median knowledge score increased from 70 to 90, while the median attitude score improved from 75 to 83.75, with p-value <0.001. The CERDIK Program proved effective in promoting preventive behavior and strengthening adolescent health literacy regarding Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus prevention in school settings.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Adolescents, CERDIK Program, Health Education, Preventive Attitude.
Copyright (c) 2026 Meylina Novita Sari, Fidya Nur Fajrina, Gitta Dhiana Saputri, Niken Mashitoh, Adinda Wisha Maharani, Aura Delillah, Najwa Aulia Rahma Larsana Putri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Nursing Care for Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Study of Respiratory Disorders at Royal Prima General Hospital in Medan
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which primarily affects the lungs. The bacteria can also affect other organs, such as the lymph nodes, skin, digestive tract, meninges, and others. Tuberculosis is transmitted through the air. Most people who are infected do not show symptoms, as the bacteria can remain dormant in the body and become active when the immune system is compromised. The primary symptoms of pulmonary TB are a persistent cough and the production of sputum. The objective of this study is to determine the nursing care for pulmonary tuberculosis provided to Mr. R at Royal Prima Hospital in Medan. This nursing care study employs a descriptive case study research method. This is a study focused on a comprehensive, in-depth exploration of nursing care issues for a single individual, from assessment through evaluation. The assessment revealed complaints of coughing up blood for 2 days and a productive cough for 2 weeks, audible rales, weight loss, confusion, and a lack of knowledge regarding his condition. The nursing diagnoses identified were ineffective airway clearance, nutritional deficit, and knowledge deficit. The interventions implemented included airway management, bleeding prevention, nutritional management, and health education. The evaluation was conducted after the nursing interventions were implemented, resulting in the issues being fully resolved.
Nursing Care, Disorders, Patients, Respiratory System, Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Copyright (c) 2026 Yesa Meliana Marbun, Ramadhani Ramadhani, Yohana Notris Telaumbanua, Meiman Harapan Nduru, Robin Ferdiansyah Sitopu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Overview of Anxiety Levels Among Residents in Flood-Prone Areas in Sawahan Village, Klaten Regency
Flood disasters frequently affect communities in vulnerable areas and may cause psychological problems, particularly anxiety. Sawahan Village, Juwiring District, Klaten Regency, is one of the flood-prone areas that experiences recurrent flooding each rainy season. Objective: This study aimed to describe the level of anxiety among people living in flood-prone areas. This quantitative descriptive study was conducted among 97 respondents selected using purposive sampling from a population of 319 residents in RT 01 and RT 02 Dukuh Bulurejo, Sawahan Village. Data were collected using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) questionnaire and analyzed through univariate analysis. Most respondents experienced mild anxiety (60.8%), followed by moderate anxiety (22.7%), no anxiety (14.4%), and severe anxiety (2.1%). The majority of people living in flood-prone areas of Sawahan Village experienced mild anxiety, indicating the presence of psychological impacts caused by repeated flood disasters while showing relatively adaptive coping abilities within the community.
Community Anxiety, Flood Disaster, Disaster-Prone Areas, Mental Health Resilience, Disaster Mitigation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Devitya Febryani Anjari Putri, Eska Dwi Prajayanti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between “Life Goes On” and Resilience in Individuals Who Have Attempted Suicide
Suicide attempts are a complex mental health issue with long-term psychological implications, particularly regarding an individual’s ability to adaptively rebuild their life. This study aims to understand experiences of resilience among individuals who have attempted suicide. The method used is a qualitative approach with an interpretive phenomenological design, involving three participants selected through purposive sampling based on specific criteria. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and triangulation with supporting informants, then analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The results indicate that resilience is formed through a dynamic process encompassing phases of a crisis of meaning, reconstruction of self-identity, and the strengthening of protective factors such as social support, adaptive coping mechanisms, and life meaning. Furthermore, temporal factors play a crucial role in stabilizing participants’ psychological conditions. These findings affirm that resilience is a multidimensional process that develops gradually through the interaction between an individual’s subjective experiences and social context.
Meaning of Life, Adaptive Coping, Suicide Attempt, Resilience, Social Support.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sania Utami Putri, Mario Pratama (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0